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Stephanie Moore--Sierra Terrel-Perez--Charlotte Menten --Michaela Zucker

Welcome!. Stephanie Moore--Sierra Terrel-Perez--Charlotte Menten --Michaela Zucker. Coffee Consumption and Colorectal Cancer. Michaela zucker, charlotte menten , sierra terrel-perez & Stephanie moore. Coffee History & Consumption . Genus Coffea

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Stephanie Moore--Sierra Terrel-Perez--Charlotte Menten --Michaela Zucker

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  1. Welcome! Stephanie Moore--Sierra Terrel-Perez--Charlotte Menten--Michaela Zucker

  2. Coffee Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Michaela zucker, charlotte menten, sierra terrel-perez & Stephanie moore

  3. Coffee History & Consumption • Genus Coffea • 25-100 different species of coffee plants • Coffee Arabica & Robusta • First discovered in Ethiopian highlands • 2009: 7 lbs. coffee consumed per person in the US • Globally: ~ 500 billion cups consumed per year

  4. Colorectal Cancer • Cancer beginning in colon or rectum • 3rd most common cancer diagnosed in men and women in US • American Cancer Society estimates on CRC in 2014: • 96,830 new cases of colon cancer • 40,000 new cases of rectal cancer • Lifetime risk of developing CRC is 1 in 20 (5%) • Risk Factors: age, personal hx, family hx, ethnic/racial background, T2DM, diet, smoking, heavy alcohol use • Most effective preventing is SCREENING

  5. Coffee Consumption and Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Two Prospective Cohort Studies of Swedish Women and Men • Larson SC, Bergkvist L, Giovannucci E, Wolk A. Coffee Consumption and Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Two Prospective Cohort Studies of Swedish Women and Men. Amer J of Epid. 2006;163(7):638-644. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwj067.

  6. Materials & Methods • Swedish Mammography Cohort established between 1987 and 1990 • 66,651 women (40-76 yrs) • Questionnaire with info on diet, weight, height and education • Questionnaire (1997) - updated lifestyle, dietary and medical information. • Cohort of Swedish Men established in 1997 • 48,850 men (45-79 yrs) • Questionnaire identical to Swedish Mammography Cohort questionnaire • Food Frequency Questionnaire: • 67 food items • Avg. frequency of coffee intake over previous 6 mo.

  7. Results • Avg. Coffee Consumption • 3 cups/day among both men and women • Swedish Mammography Cohort • 830cases of CRC dx 1987-1990 through 2004 • 274 cases of CRC dx 1998 through 2004 • Cohort of Swedish Men • 449 cases of CRC dx 1998 through 2004 • Total number of cases of CRC • 1,279 cases of CRC combined • Incidence rate: 92 cases/100,000 person-years for participants who consumed <1 cup of coffee/ day and for participants who consumed 4+ cups of coffee/ day

  8. Results continued.. • Cohort-specific and pooled multivariate rate ratios for CR, colon, and rectal cancer according to long-term coffee consumption • 61,433women in the Swedish Mammography Cohort (1987-2004) • According to baseline coffee consumption among 45,306 men in the Cohort of Swedish Men (1998-2004)

  9. Results continued… • Pooled rate ratios for CR, colon, and rectal cancer according to coffee consumption in 1997 among: • 36,616women in the Swedish Mammography Cohort (1998-2004) • Among 45,306men in the Cohort of Swedish Men (1998-2004)

  10. Conclusion • There was no association between coffee consumption and increased or decreased risk of colorectal cancer among women and men. • Overall Grade: B+

  11. Coffee consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study in Japan Naganuma T, Kuriyama S, Akhter M, Kakizaki M, Nakaya N, Ohmori-Matsuda K, Shimazu T, Fukao A, Tsuji I. (2007). Coffee consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer: A prospective cohort study in Japan. International Journal of Cancer, 120, 1542-1547.

  12. Materials & Methods • Large Japanese prospective study of 38,701 men and women age 40-64 years • Baseline questionnaire was given (40 food and beverageitems) • Coffee intake - 4 categories: • Never • Occasionally • 1-2 cups/day • 3 or more cups/day • Cofounders adjusted for include: Age, Gender, Family hx of CRC, Education level, BMI and others

  13. Results • Cox proportional-hazard regression model was used to estimate hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval • p values less than 0.05 were seen as statistically significant

  14. Conclusion • Coffee consumption was not seen to be a risk for colorectal cancer in men or women • Overall Grade: B+

  15. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea intakes and risk of colorectal cancer in a large prospective study Sinha T, Cross AJ, Daniel CR, Graubard BI, Wu JW, Hollenbeck AR, Gunter MJ, Park Y, Freedman ND. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea intakes and risk of colorectal cancer in a large prospective study. Am J ClinNutr. 2012;96:374-81.

  16. Materials & Methods • Total participants: 489,706 • Self-administered questionnaires • Demographics, diet, anthropometrics, lifestyle & a 124-item FFQ • Coffee consumption assessed over 12 months • Six categories ranging from 0 to ≥6 cups/ day • CRC were defined by anatomical sites • Proximal & Distal Colon, Rectum • Cigarette smoking & red meat consumption were correlated with coffee drinking • Carefully adjusted for these factors

  17. Results • 90% of cohort drank coffee • 16% drank ≥6 cups/day • Median follow up of 10.5 years • 6,946incident CRC • 5,072colon and 1,874 rectal • PROXIMAL (n=2,863) & DISTAL (n=1,993) colon cancer • Inverse assoc. between those who drank 4-5 and ≥6cups/ day and colon cancer • Those who drank 4-5 or ≥6 cups coffee/d compared with none had a ↓ risk of colon cancer

  18. Conclusion • Caffeinated & decaffeinated coffee drinkers had decreased risks of colon cancer at all sites • Drinking 4-6 + cups of caffeinated & decaffeinated coffee/day had inverse associations in development of tumors in the proximal colon (caffeinated) and rectum (decaffeinated) • Predominantly caffeinated coffee drinkers had a significantly lower risk of colon cancer (particularly proximal tumors) where decaffeinated coffee drinkers had decreased risk of both colon and rectal cancers • Overall grade= B+

  19. Public Health Recommendations • Consuming coffee in ones’ diet can help reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. However, we do not recommend the use of developing colorectal cancer. Due to these findings, we recommend consuming coffee in addition to applying an active and healthy lifestyle for maximum health and well being of individuals.

  20. Coffee and risk of CRC: Conclusion • These studies were reviewed to determine whether coffee consumption was positively, negatively, or not associated  with risk of developing CRC. • Evaluated large populations of both men and women from countries with relatively high rates of coffee consumption. • In a large prospective study conducted in the US, they found a significant decrease in risk of developing CRC among coffee drinkers. • A second prospective study showed that Japanese women alone consuming 3+ cups coffee/ day reduced the risk of developing invasive colon cancer. • More research needs to be done to evaluate different subtypes of CRC risk among coffee consumers, and confounding variables need to be minimized. • The other three studies agreed that coffee consumption had no significant effect on risk of developing CRC.

  21. Overall Grade of the Evidence • Grade 1: Good

  22. References • American Cancer Society. Colon/Rectum Cancer. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectumcancer/detailedguide/index. Accessed on May 27, 2014. • Bidel S, Hu G, Jousilahti P, Antikainen R, Pukkala E, Hakulinen T, Tuomilehto J. (2010). Coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 64, 917-923 • Butt MS, Sultan T. Coffee and its consumption: benefits and risks. Crit Rev Food SciNutr. 2011;51:363-373. • Economic Research Service (ERS), US Department of Agriculture (USDA). Food availability (per capita) data system. Food availability per capita data system. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/ data/foodconsumption (cited 26 May 2014) • Larson SC, Bergkvist L, Giovannucci E, Wolk A. Coffee Consumption and Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Two Prospective Cohort Studies of Swedish Women and Men. Amer J of Epid. 2006;163(7):638-644. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwj067. • Lee J.K, Inoue M, Otani T, Iwasaki M, Sasazuki S, Tsugane S. (2007). Coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in a population-based prospective cohort of Japanese men and women. International Journal of Cancer, 121, 1312-1318. • Naganuma T, Kuriyama S, Akhter M, Kakizaki M, Nakaya N, Ohmori-Matsuda K, Shimazu T, Fukao A, Tsuji I. (2007). Coffee consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer: A prospective cohort study in Japan. International Journal of Cancer, 120, 1542-1547. • Sinha T, Cross AJ, Daniel CR, Graubard BI, Wu JW, Hollenbeck AR, Gunter MJ, Park Y, Freedman ND. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea intakes and risk of colorectal cancer in a large prospective study. Am J ClinNutr. 2012;96:374-81. • National Coffee Association. All About Coffee. Available at: http://www.ncausa.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=1. Accessibility verified May 27, 2014.

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