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Introduction to Oceanography (Marine Science) MS 101

Introduction to Oceanography (Marine Science) MS 101. Expectations??????. Contents. 1- Multidisplinary Vs unidisciplinary? 2- Definition. 3- Why we study Oceanography? 4- World Ocean. 5-Ocean benefits/ uses. 6- Living resources Vs non living resources.

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Introduction to Oceanography (Marine Science) MS 101

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  1. Introduction to Oceanography(Marine Science) MS 101 Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  2. Expectations?????? Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  3. Contents 1- Multidisplinary Vs unidisciplinary? 2- Definition. 3- Why we study Oceanography? 4- World Ocean. 5-Ocean benefits/ uses. 6- Living resources Vs non living resources. 7- Extractive Vs non extractive resources. 8- History of Oceanography. 9-Trade voyage Vs Scientific Voyage. 10- Library of Alexandria. 11- Expeditions. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  4. Activity #1 What do you think? Is Oceanography a unidisciplinary or Multidisciplinary Science? هل علم علوم البحار احادى الاتجاه ام متعدد الاتجاهات؟ Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  5. Oceanography • Oceanography is a multidisciplinary Science, one in which scientists with many different specialties must work together. For example, the life at the bottom (geology) of the ocean food chain (biology) depends upon nutrients (chemicals) which are often brought up to the surface of the ocean by waves and ocean currents (physics). We can study how the amount of life (biology) changed in the past by study their remains ”fossils” on the ocean floor (geology)…….. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  6. Why we study Oceanography ? • Earth is a water planet • Over 97% of the water on or near Earth’s surface is contained in the ocean • The ocean may be defined as the vast body of saline water that occupies the depressions of the Earth’s surface. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  7. Earth is the only planet with evidence of life and its water that creates this uniqueness. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  8. The World Ocean Area (106 km2) Volume (106 km3) Mean Depth (km) Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean 165.2 82.4 73.4 4.282 3.926 3.963 707.6 323.6 291.0 Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  9. Activity #2 How many Oceans Cover the Earth? Mention and enumerate Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  10. What are the uses of Oceans ? • Humans began using the ocean long before there was a formal science of oceanography. • Oceans contain resources which are of great importance to the future of humanity Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  11. The resources of the oceans are: Living Non-Living Biological Physical Nonextractive Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  12. Biological (Living) resources • Are living animals and plants collected for human use • It is the main reserve of protein food either from fisheries or mariculture……. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  13. Fish clams the ocean was used for food seaweed shrimp Squid Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  14. Non-living resources Physical resources Result from the deposition, precipitation, or accumulation of useful substances in the ocean or seabed. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  15. 1) Oil and gases About 1/3 rd of the world oil and gas is pumped out of the ocean floor Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  16. 2) Minerals - Salts - Magnesium - Manganese Nodules…………. 3) Desalination as source of freshwater Only 0.017% of Earth’s water is fresh and about 0.6% is available as ground water. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  17. 4) Marine Energy Result from the extraction of energy directly from the heat or motion of ocean floor. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  18. Nonextractive resources • Coastal and marine tourism • Transportation • Coastal facilities; harbours ….. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  19. - It is much easier and cheaper to move goods and people over the ocean than over land. -This was obviously true in the past, when the sailing ships relied on the free power supplied by the wind. Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

  20. المزارع السمكية قسم علوم البحار شركات البترول معهد علوم البحار هيئة الأستشعار من بعد خريج علوم البحار جهاز شئون البيئة بيئة الأثار الغارقة معهد حماية الشواطئ مصلحة الموانى والمنائر هيئة الثروة السمكية معامل التحاليل هيئة الصرف الصحى شركات الأدوية Dr. Amany A. Ismael, Ass. Professor of Marine Biology

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