TVR 16.5

1. TVR 16.5 Introducing Electronic Media

2. Some Class Business • The text is Broadcasting In America, 9th ed • I requested the text be put on reserve. The library’s computer system was down when I spoke to them, so it may or may not be there yet. • Either way, we’ll have a reserve copy in about a week or so.

3. A Cliché • The Information Superhighway • Term used quite a bit in early 1990’s • According to the text, the term was mentioned 3,000 times between 1992 and 1994 • But the text points out that 2 out of 3 Americans never heard of it and a third of those who did didn’t really understand it

4. You Understand It, Right? • What is exactly is the Internet? • Did Al Gore really invent it? • How was it created? • What is Gopher?

5. Some Perspective • Number of Websites (from swivel.com) • Dec 1990: 1 • Dec 1992: 50 • June 1993: 130 • Dec 1993: 623 • Dec 1994: 10,022 • July 2003: 42,298,371 • July 2008: 175,480,931

6. Some Perspective

7. History • 1957- Soviet Union launches Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite. Americans freak out. • 1958- President Eisenhower forms two government agencies to advance space technologies, weapons, and communication systems. • Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) http://www.arpa.mil/ • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) http://www.nasa.gov

8. History • 1957- Soviet Union launches Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite. Americans freak out. • 1962- ARPA directed to research “human interaction and distributed systems.” • Carnegie-Mellon University • MIT • RAND Corporation • Stanford Research Institute • System Development Corporation • University of California at Berkeley, Santa Barbara, and Los Angeles • University of South Carolina • University of Utah.

9. History • 1965- British mathematician, Donald Davies (2000) of National Physical Laboratory (NPL) also explores on the idea of networks sending pieces of data in units; thus he coined the term "packet."

10. History • 1967- The idea of ARPANET is proposed. The plan is to connect all of the time-sharing computers on to one another directly, over dial-up telephone lines. The functions of the computers would be connected to a "host" at each site. “Packet Theory” continues to develop. • 1969- The first ARPANET connections are made using telephone lines. The computers used have 12k of memory.

11. Map of 1967 Nodes (Hosts) History

12. History • 1970- ALOHAnet, which is the first packet network, is developed at the University of Hawaii. Funded by ARPA and the Navy, the project explores packet switching as an alternative to costly dial-up telephone connections for accessing the University’s computer. • 1971- ARPANET up to 15 nodes. Email is developed. • 1972- The original email program is modified and gains popularity. The “@” symbol was chosen as the email standard. The French bite our style and create "CYCLADES,” which is the French version of ARPANET.

13. History • 1973- ARPA changes name to DARPA (D for defense). The first international connections are made with England (University College of London) and Norway (Royal Establishment in Norway). Sorry France. • 1975-Satellite links across two oceans to Hawaii and UK are formed • 1976- Queen Elizabeth sends an email.

14. History • 1979-Meeting with DARPA, NSF (National Science Foundation) and seven universities to develop a network independent of ARPANET. The proposed network (CSNET) will be designed to provide greater access to universities. • 1980- CUNY kicks ass by creating BITNET (Because It’s Time NETwork) with Yale. BITNET provides electronic mail, listserves, as well as, file transfers (FTP) to distribute information. • 1983- A gateway between CSNET/ARPANET is created.

15. History • 1984- Domain Name Service (DNS) is introduced. • edu (education) • gov (government) • mil (military) • com (commercial) • org (organization) • net (network resources)

16. History • 1989- Commercial service emerges through CompuServe • 1990- ARPANET formally decommissioned

17. The Web Is Born • 1991- High Performance Computing Act, which is authored by Al Gore is signed into law. Gopher is introduced (searches the network using text). World-Wide Web (WWW) is released by CERN http://cern.web.cern.ch/CERN/ in Geneva, Switzerland. British researcher, Tim Berner-Lee creates HyperText Markup Language (HTML), which use specifications for URLs or Uniform Resource Locators, for web addresses. • Timeline culled from http://www.sat.lib.tx.us/Displays/itintro.htm

18. Today • 11.5 million monthly subscribers to World of Warcraft • I will pwn you!

19. Convergence • Some of the text book is a bit dated, ( pg 6 has a picture of the “home of the future” with a 60” Plasma TV. Plasma is soooo 2008. • But “convergence” is the name of the game. Triple play means there is no real difference between phone, TV and Internet technologies (and perhaps even radio). • Since more and more people are using the Internet for entertainment and information, the goal now is to continuously find new ways to “monetize”

20. Where to Keep Up With Tech Trends • http://www.buzzmachine.com/ • http://www.techcrunch.com/ • http://www.readwriteweb.com/ • http://garyvaynerchuk.com/ • And the best way to keep up with all this is by using a news reader (remember RSS from last class?)

21. News Readers • We talked about RSS a bit last week • Subscriber based technology is changing the game again • “Information Superhighway” doesn’t really make sense, because the highway comes to you. • Let’s watch this video. Pay attention to the advertising overlays. Google believes this is a better way to advertise than pre-roll.

22. News Readers • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0klgLsSxGsU

23. News Readers • Some News Readers: • http://www.download.com/windows/newsreaders-rss-readers/3150-2164_4-0.html • http://www.newsgator.com/INDIVIDUALS/NETNEWSWIRE/ • Start using a News Reader and subscribe to media/tech blogs to learn about trends and impress people at parties (and employers).