1 / 28

AGING THEORIES

AGING THEORIES. By : Megah Andriany. DAHULU. Ilmuwan telah membuat teori penuaan (Aristoteles, Hipocrates) Penurunan suhu tbh & cairan (umum). SEKARANG. Penelitian dan Penemuan Semakin : Jelas Kompleks Variatif. “Menjadi tua itu pasti, menjadi dewasa itu pilihan”.

miyoko
Download Presentation

AGING THEORIES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. AGING THEORIES By : Megah Andriany

  2. DAHULU • Ilmuwan telah membuat teori penuaan (Aristoteles, Hipocrates) Penurunan suhu tbh & cairan (umum)

  3. SEKARANG Penelitian dan Penemuan Semakin : • Jelas • Kompleks • Variatif

  4. “Menjadi tua itu pasti, menjadi dewasa itu pilihan”

  5. 3 PERSPEKTIF PENUAAN • Usia biologis  kapasitas fungsi sistem organ • Usia psikologis  kapasitas perilaku adaptasi • Usia sosial  perubahan peran & perilaku sesuai usia manusia Teori saling melengkapi

  6. PERAN TEORI DLM MEMAHAMI PENUAAN • Landasan & sudut pandang untuk melihat fakta • Menjawab pertanyaan filosofi • Perawat  relevansi Pertanyaan evaluasi : • Konsisten secara internal & logis? • Dukungan empiris? • Menghadirkan konsep & kondisi yg dapat dimodifikasi? • Mampu membuat perubahan besar? DISIKAPI

  7. THEORIES OF AGING • Biologic Answering basic question regarding physiologic process • Sociologic  Roles & relationship • Psychologic How an individual responds to task of life (influenced by biology & sociology) • Moral/spiritual  exam how an individual seeks to explain & validate their existence

  8. BIOLOGIC THEORIES OF AGING TIPE PERUBAHAN (Hayflick, 1996): • Deleterious penurunan fungsi • Progressive  bertahap • Intrinsic • Universal  semua spesies

  9. BIOLOGIC THEORIES OF AGING • Stochastic theories  aging as event that occur randomly & accumulate over time • Nonstochastic theories  aging as certain predetermined, time phenomena

  10. STOCHASTIC THEORIES • Error Theory • Free radical Theory • Cross-Linkage Theory • Wear and Tear Theory

  11. ERROR THEORY Error in transcription of synthesis DNA system do not function at optimal level AGING & DEATH

  12. FREE RADICAL THEORY Product of metabolism Accumulate & damage the cell membrane Decrease efficiency  Body produce antioxidant

  13. CROSS-LINKAGE THEORY Cross-linkage some proteins in abnormal metabolism activities Waste products accumulate in the cell Tissues do not function at optimal efficiency

  14. WEAR & TEAR THEORY • This theory equates man as machine.  care, guaranty • Aging is the result of use.

  15. NONSTOCHASTIC THEORIES • Programmed Theory  cells divide a limited number of times • Immunity Theory  the immune system (T- lymphocytes) change  individual more vulnerable to disease

  16. SOCIOLOGIC THEORIES • Fokus : perub. peran & hub  adaptasi sosial dlm hidup • Prinsip : • Penuaan  proses hidup yg panjang • Mempengaruhi & dipengaruhi lingkungan • Usia berubah tiap waktu & dialami secara berbeda oleh hubungan yg berbeda

  17. SOCIOLOGIC THEORIES • Disengagement Theory • Activity Theory • Continuity Theory • Age Stratification Theory • Person-Environment Fit Theory

  18. DISENGAGEMENT THEORY • Indv menarik diri dari masy & masy mendukung penarikan diri ini. • Orientasi pd diri sendiri KONTROVERSI sifat alami & keunikan dlm berespon thd lingkungan  cacat

  19. ACTIVITY THEORY • Indv perlu aktivitas yg tetap untuk mempertahankan usia Kepuasan hidup dan konsep diri bertambah

  20. CONTINUITY THEORY • Respon lansia thd penuaan = respon thd kejadian hidup sebelumnya • Kebiasaan, komitmen, pilihan & karakteristik personal lainnya yg berkembang selama dewasa DIPERTAHANKAN • Prediksi thd masa lansia

  21. AGE STRATIFICATION THEORY • Manusia terdiri dari kelompok2 menurut usia • Orang dan peran dlm kelompok ini berubah & saling mempengaruhi  tergantung lansia & masy

  22. PERSON-ENVIRONMENT FIT THEORY • Indv memp kompetensi untuk adaptasi dg lingkungan • Kompetensi : kekuatan ego, motorik, biologis, kognitif, & sensori perseptual LANSIA MENURUN • Korelasi kompetensi indv dg lingk : Toleransi Dampak

  23. PSYCHOLOGIC THEORIES • Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs • Jung’s Theory of individualism • Erikson’s Eight Stages of Life • Selective Optimization with Compensation

  24. PSYCHOLOGIC THEORIES • Bgmn seseorang berespon thd tugas perkembangan • Dipengaruhi biologi & sosial  luas • Dasar : perkembangan terus berjalan meski menua • Mekanisme psikologi : adaptasi, memori, kemampuan belajar, afeksi & motivasi  perub t.l & perkemb.

  25. HUMAN NEEDS THEORY • Kebutuhan dasar motivasi • Rendah  tinggi • Lansia  aktualisasi Sifat : otonomi kreatif bebas hub interpersonal bertambah

  26. INDIVIDUALISM THEORY • 2 tipe manusia: introvert & ekstrovert • Lansia : introvert  nostalgia • Menua sukses  seimbang  Menerima kondisi

  27. OPTIMALISASI SELEKTIF DG KOMPENSASI • Kompensasi penurunan tubuh dg 3 elemen : • Seleksi : p pembatasan • Optimalisasi : p kehidupan • Kompensasi : kompensasi kehilangan yg adaptif

  28. MORAL & SPIRITUAL THEORY • SPIRITUALITAS ??? • Perkemb sbg pemikir moral & spiritual  eksistensi • Ns bantu klien dlm krisis hidup  temukan arti HOLISTIC CARE

More Related