VIETNAM

1. VIETNAM A short presentation about Vietnams Geography, History and Culture By Arshman Sahid

2. What countries are on the borders of Vietnam? Vietnam’s borders are shared with numerous countries, the northern border is shared with China the northwestern border is shared with Laos, the southwestern border is shared with Cambodia and the remainder is South China Sea coastline.

3. What is the climate like in Vietnam? Central Vietnam has been distinguished to have high temperate with uplands rich in volcanic soil and by magnificent beaches, ridges, and lagoons. It is also the location of the ancient imperial city of Hue. In the South, visitors encounter modern life in Ho Chi Minh City what was previously known as Saigon and the fertile alluvial delta of the Mekong River. Although Vietnam lies entirely within the tropics, its varied collection of latitude, elevation, and weather patterns produces enormous climatic differentiation. The northern area of Central Vietnam share the climate of the North, while the southern provinces share the tropical weather of the South. North Vietnam, has two basic seasons this includes a chilly, humid winter from November to April, and a warm, yet moist summer for the remainder of the year. Summer temperatures average around about 22˚C, with random typhoons. South Vietnam is generally warm, the hottest months are between March through to May, when temperatures rise into low 30's˚C. This is also the dry season in the south, followed by the April to October monsoonal season.

4. What is the capital of Vietnam? The capital city of Vietnam is Hanoi, it is located in the blue river Delta in Vietnam's central north. Hanoi has a population of approximately 6.3 million. Hanoi has been the capital city of Vietnam for almost 1000 years. Throughout the duration of 1000 years its name had been changed several times this including Dai La, Thang Long, Dong Do and Ha Noi. Quite commonly Hanoi has been confused with another crowded yet popular city in Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City or Saigon.

5. Is the capital of Vietnam in the south or the north? Hanoi is located in the North province of Vietnam.

6. What is the big city in the South? The big city located in the south of Vietnam is Ho Chi Minh City (It was previously known as Saigon) .

7. What is the geography of Vietnam? Vietnam is located in the southeastern extremity of the Indochinese peninsula and occupies about 331,688 square kilometers, of which about 25 percent was under cultivation in 1987. The S-shaped country has a north-to-south distance of 1,650 kilometers and is about 50 kilometers wide at the narrowest point.

8. History

9. What other countries have ruled Vietnam Vietnam has been attached by many countries. In 1858, the French began their conquest of Vietnam starting in the south. They annexed all of Vietnam in 1885, governing the territories of Annan, Tonkin, and Cochin China, together with Cambodia and Laos, as part of French Indochina. The French allowed Vietnam's emperors to continue to reign, although not actually to rule. In the early 20th century, Vietnamese intellectuals, many of them French educated, organized nationalist and communist-nationalist anti-colonial movements. Japan's military occupation of Vietnam during World War II further stirred nationalist sentiment, as well as antipathy toward the French Vichy colonial regime, which took its direction from the Japanese until the Japanese took direct control in March 1945. Vietnamese communists under Ho Chi Minh organized a coalition of anti-colonial groups, the Viet Minh, though many anti-communists refused to join. The Viet Minh took advantage of political uncertainty in the weeks following Japan's surrender to take control of Hanoi and much of northern Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh announced the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam on September 2, 1945.

10. Why French was spoken in Vietnam? French is spoken in Vietnam in because in 1858 when the French concurred and took over Vietnam they introduced many of their culture, values, tradition and language. Therefore resulting in many Vietnamese in speaking the French language.

11. Why was America in Vietnam for the duration of 1960? In December 1961, at the request of South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem, President Kennedy sent U.S. military advisers to South Vietnam to help the government there deal with the Viet Cong campaign. In the wake of escalating political turmoil in the south after a November 1963 generals' coup against President Diem, which resulted in his death, the United States increased its military support for South Vietnam. In March 1965, President Johnson sent the first U.S. combat forces to Vietnam. The American military role peaked in 1969 with an in-country force of 534,000. The Viet Cong's surprise Tet Offensive in January 1968 deeply hurt both the Viet Cong infrastructure and American and South Vietnamese morale. In January 1969, the United States, governments of South and North Vietnam, and the Viet Cong met for the first plenary session of peace talks in Paris, France. These talks, which began with much hope, moved slowly. They finally concluded with the signing of a peace agreement, the Paris Accords, on January 27, 1973. As a result, the south was divided into a patchwork of zones controlled by the South Vietnamese Government and the Viet Cong. The United States withdrew its forces, although U.S. military advisers remained.

12. What system of government is in place? Vietnam is ruled by a Communist Party dominated legal republic.

13. CULTURE

14. What is the traditional dress of the Vietnams people? The tradition for men and women are western styled clothing. Some women still wear the traditional Au Dai. In many areas women wear loose white-shirts with skirts. Men in other areas wear western clothes too. The Vietnamese typically wear lightweight clothing. Country women wear loose-fitting dark-pants and blouse that. In the cities, many girls and women wear the traditional Au Dai, a long dress worn with loose-fitting pants. However, a growing number of urban women wear dresses and shirts. Countryside and working class men typically wear simple shirts and trousers. City men generally wear Western-style clothing.

15. What sort of food is popular in Vietnam? • Vegetables: often in the form of salads, and pickles. Vietnamese people would use many fresh herbs and spices, including basil, mint, coriander (parsley), ginger, chili peppers, and garlic, which give Vietnamese food it’s distinctive. Lemongrass, a tropical grass is commonly used to give food a lemony tang. • Fish and seafood:Fish and seafood are popular, especially in the Center and South due to the surrounding ocean and the surroundings of rivers the in the country. Because people fish daily, they have fresh seafood every day in the market. Some of Vietnam's fish is used to make nuocmam, a fish sauce that is made by combining fish and salt in large barrels and letting it dry for several months.Nuocmam is used as a flavoring ingredient much like the Chinese use soy sauce and the Westerners use salt.Country to country food is upon us:The Vietnamese have some peculiar cooking methods which includes braising, simmering, steaming, grilling, and stir-frying. They use little or no oil in cooking even for stir-fried dishes. The cooking of Vietnam varies from area to area: In the North part of Vietnam, less fresh produce and herbs are available due to the cooler climate. In this region, black pepper is the main seasoning. Stir-fried dishes are very popular, due to the Chinese influence of cooking. Very hot and spicy food is found in the Center. Southern Vietnam's cooking includes a wide variety of vegetables, fruits, and spices and sugar is a common ingredient in many dishes. The influence of India is apparent in the South, as curry dishes are very popular in this region. Also, French influence can be found throughout Vietnam, but particularly in the South, where white potatoes and asparagus are often-used reminders of France's long presence in Vietnam. Despite influences from other countries, Vietnamese food is unique.

16. Vietnamese Art Vietnamese art reflects a mixture of influences: Vietnamese traditional art, influences from China and influence from the French during the colonial period.  Just over a decade ago Vietnam opened up to the world.  The international art market started to see the talents of Vietnamese artists  and the variety of styles  in Vietnamese paintings.  Demand for Vietnamese art is increasing rapidly, especially in France and other countries in Europe.

17. Vietnamese music Vietnamesemusic is highly diverse, combining native and foreign influences. Throughout its history Vietnam has been most heavily impacted by the Chinese musical Tradition, as an integral part, along with Korea, Mongolia and Japan. The Indochinese’s kingdom of Champa also had great significant effect upon this music.

18. Vietnamese Temples There are numerous temples in Vietnam in which local worshipers come to pray. The Lang temple is one of the Many temples located in Vietnam . Lang Temple, also called Ninh Thai temple, located in Liem Can commune, Thanh Liem district. The temple was built to worship Emperor Dinh, Le and the three Royal Highnesses. In accordance with the legend, and the content on the ancestral tablet, the first emperor worshiped here is Emperor Dinh Tien Hoang who put down a revolt of twelve troops and set up the base for enrollment and training for the army in Liem Can where the temple located. Moreover, Lang temple was set up for the worshipping of Emperor Le Dai Hanh and his two sons Le Trung Tong and Le Ngoai Trieu. Le Hoan, real name of Le Dai Hanh, was a man of Trang An origin. His grandfather, Le Loc, moved Liem Can and built a house here. Le Loc was buried in Dau tomb by a tiger that he considered as a child killed him. There is an altar in Coi Mountain, which was used by Le Dai Hanh to hold an pledge with the rebellious army. The graves of forefathers of Le clan were also built in Liem Can.

19. Many other temples • Here is a part of the Lang temple Avalokiteshvara, Vietnamese temple main shrine in the Vietnamese temple figures in shrine room of Vietnamese temple

20. Vietnamese Laquerware Vietnamese's Laquerware is well known to art collectors worldwide, and is the result of some of the finest craftsmanship techniques in the world. Lacquer ware is created by applying lacquer to wooden objects to give it a fine finish and luster. Although the craft was developed in both China and Japan, Japanese craftsmen are generally credited with taking Chinese lacquer techniques and maturing them to create the highly regarded art form that lacquer ware creation has become today's.

21. Vietnamese Laquerware Although this artist still remains anonymous this picture reflects on the way of the birds and the sun. Because the colours are so in your face whilst your viewing it, it releases a vibe of feeling free. Its also has many other feelings that are yet to be found.