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The Balance of Payments (BOP) is a comprehensive accounting framework that details all economic transactions between a nation's residents and foreign entities. It comprises three critical accounts: the Current Account, which tracks the flow of goods and services; the Capital Account, which monitors investment and lending activities; and the Official Reserves Account, reflecting changes in gold reserves. This chapter delves into these components, emphasizing their importance in analyzing a country's economic relations with the rest of the world.
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