1 / 12

Freedom and Partition 9.1

Freedom and Partition 9.1. Katherine, Sophia, and Catherine. Growing Unrest. After World War I Indian nationalists increased demands for freedom British government passed new laws to oppress Indians After the death of five British officials, all public meetings were banned. Amritsar Massacre.

mireya
Download Presentation

Freedom and Partition 9.1

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Freedom and Partition9.1 Katherine, Sophia, and Catherine

  2. Growing Unrest • After World War I Indian nationalists increased demands for freedom • British government passed new laws to oppress Indians • After the death of five British officials, all public meetings were banned

  3. Amritsar Massacre • Occurred on April 13, 1919 • 10,000 Indians met peacefully in Amritsar, a city in Northern India • British soldiers opened fire killing 379 people and wounding 1,100 • Massacre deepened distrust of British government and led to increased violence

  4. Mohandas Gandhi Principles • Key figure in Indian struggle for independence • United groups within the national movement and inspired people of all classes to support independence • Suported non-violence resistance called satyagrahaand blended Hindu and Christian beliefs • Satyagraha means truth force

  5. Gandhi’s Principles continued… • Wanted British to become aware of their wrongdoings

  6. Gandhi’s Appeal • Won support by stressing India’s heritage • Encouraged traditional Indian industries • Emphasized Hindu virtues • Demanded better treatment for untouchables • Included Muslims in his campaign

  7. Campaign of Civil Disobedience • 1920’s: Gandhi traveled around India urging non-violent resistance • Supported strikes, protests, and boycotts

  8. The Salt March • 1930 Gandhi used nonviolent resistance to protest the tax on salt • Indians could only buy heavily taxed salt from the government • Gandhi led followers on a 200 mile march to the coast; thousands joined along the way • They made salt from sea water to protest • The salt protest spread across India • Gandhi and 50,000 other Indians were arrested and nothing changed

  9. Moving Toward Independence • Indian National Congress refused to support Britain in WWII unless Britain promised immediate independence • Britain refused so Gandhi organized “Quit India” • Policy of non-cooperation with the British • British arrested 20,000 Congress members

  10. Hindu-Muslim Conflict • Muslims demanded separate Muslim nation • Muslims feared they would not have rights in a Hindu dominated nation • Gandhi hoped that Hindus and Muslims could work together in an independent India • Many Hindus distrusted Muslims • Economic and political differences increased tension

  11. The Subcontinent Divided • 1946: Widespread rioting between Hindus and Muslims • 1947: British parliament passed the Indian Independence Act • Ended British rule in India • British India was divided into Hindu dominated India and Muslim dominated Pakistan • Partition lead to violence between the Hindus and Muslims which resulted in the killing of 50,000 people

  12. The Subcontinent Divided continued… • Millions of Muslims fled from India to Pakistan while millions of Hindus fled to India from Pakistan • 50 million people migrated • Gandhi was so sickened by the violence that he refused to celebrate India’s independence • January 1948: Gandhi is assassinated by a Hindu extremist

More Related