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The Presidency

The Presidency. Overview. Qualifications & Demographics Presidential Roles Organization of the Executive Branch Presidential Power. Qualifications. Article II, Section 1: Natural Born Citizen 35 years old 14 year resident of U.S. Demographics. Gender. Demographics. Race.

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The Presidency

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  1. The Presidency

  2. Overview • Qualifications & Demographics • Presidential Roles • Organization of the Executive Branch • Presidential Power

  3. Qualifications • Article II, Section 1: • Natural Born Citizen • 35 years old • 14 year resident of U.S.

  4. Demographics Gender

  5. Demographics Race

  6. Presidential Roles Chief of State

  7. Presidential Roles Commander in Chief

  8. Presidential Roles Chief Executive • oversee federal bureaucracy • administer and execute the law

  9. Presidential Roles Chief Diplomat • negotiate and sign treaties • appoint diplomats • receive foreign officials • negotiate and sign executive agreements

  10. Presidential Roles Chief Legislator • recommend legislation to Congress • set legislative agenda • veto power

  11. Presidential Roles Chief of Party

  12. Checks on the President • Commander in Chief • Congress declares war • Congress controls budget • War Powers Act (1973) • 48 hour alert to Congress • troops stay for 60 days pending Congressional approval • With no approval, troops must be withdrawn

  13. Checks on the President • Chief Executive • Senate must approve presidential appointments • Civil Service protection for most appointees • Congress controls the budget

  14. Checks on the President • Chief Diplomat • Senate confirmation of ambassadors • Senate confirmation of treaties • Chief Legislator • President does not have seat in Congress • Congress can override veto

  15. Checks on the President • Party Chief • term limit and “lame duck” status • loose organization of American parties makes it difficult to “lead”

  16. 15 Departments

  17. e.g., WHO, CEA, NSC, OMB

  18. e.g., CIA, EPA, NASA, NRC, Peace Corps

  19. Presidential Powers • Executive Orders • Bush Administration EOs by subject • EO by disposition (Johnson to G.W. Bush) • Executive Privilege • ability to withhold information from Congress or to refuse to recognize Congressional subpoena

  20. Presidential Power • Veto Power • threat to use and actual use can shape legislation • Access to Media • use of mass media allows president to reach public in a way that no other institution or politician in government can

  21. Presidential Power • Persuasion • Bargain with members of Congress and bureaucracy • Success depends on variety of factors, including: • personal communication skills • partisan divide in Congress • public approval ratings

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