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Physical Science 1 Chapter 23 Acids Bases & Salts

Physical Science 1 Chapter 23 Acids Bases & Salts. H. H. –. +. O. O. Cl. Cl. H. H. H. H. Properties of Acids. A solution that produces H 3 O + , hydronium ion, when dissolved in water (H+ ions) Acid comes from the Latin word acidus meaning "sharp". pH range 0 – 6.9

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Physical Science 1 Chapter 23 Acids Bases & Salts

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  1. Physical Science 1Chapter 23 Acids Bases & Salts

  2. H H – + O O Cl Cl H H H H Properties of Acids • A solution that produces H3O+, hydronium ion, when dissolved in water (H+ ions) • Acid comes from the Latin word acidus meaning "sharp". • pH range 0 – 6.9 • Acids taste sour • Acids are corrosive to metals • Acid will change blue litmus paper red acid hydromium ion

  3. - - + + The strength of an acid • Strong acids • An acid that totally ionizes in an aqueous solution. • That means every molecule breaks apart • Acid with a very low pH (0 – 4) • Weak acids • An acid that only partially ionizes in an aqueous solution. • That means not every molecule breaks apart. • They usually have a pH close to 7 (3-6).

  4. H H – + N O N O H H H H H H H H Properties of Bases • A solution that has an excess of OH- ions • Another word for base is alkali. • pH range 7.1 – 14 • Bases taste bitter • Bases feel slippery • Base will change red litmus paper blue hydroxide ion base

  5. pH Scale • In 1909, the Danish biochemist Sören Sörensen invented the pH scale for measuring acidity.  • The scale range is from 0 -14 • Acids 0 – 7 • Neutral 7.0 • Bases 7 – 14

  6. Indicators Organic substance whose solution change color due to changes in pH • The color of the hydrangea flower depends on the pH of the soil in which it is grown • Blue flowers are produced in basic soil • Pink flowers are generated in acidic soil RED CABBAGE JUICE

  7. Neutralization • ACID + BASE → WATER + IONIC SALT • H-anion + cation-OH→ H2O + Salt (CationBASE AnionACID) • Equivalence point – when the neutralization is finished • neutralization animation • Examples • NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) →NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) • KOH (aq) + HBr (aq) →KBr (aq) + H2O (l)

  8. acids & bases with indicator • The Rainbow Connection Demonstration • AUSD Classlink

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