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The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System. The Endocrine System. Function of the Endocrine System. To regulate, coordinate and control your body functions using hormones. Examples of Body Functions: Growth Fertility Metabolism. What are Hormones ?. Chemical messengers

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The Endocrine System

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  1. The Endocrine System

  2. The Endocrine System

  3. Function of the Endocrine System • To regulate, coordinate and control your body functions using hormones. • Examples of Body Functions: • Growth • Fertility • Metabolism

  4. What are Hormones? • Chemical messengers • Secreted (released) by Glands into bloodstream. • Proteins with a specific shape.

  5. Target Cells and Receptors • Target Cells – cells that have special receptors that the hormone fits in to, causing a response in that cell. • All cells are exposed to hormones, but not all cells react.

  6. Target Cells and Receptors

  7. endocrine system

  8. Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain • Hormones Secreted: • Growth Stimulating Hormone- stimulates elongation of the bones. • Thyroid Stimulating Hormone- causes the thyroid to produce its hormone. • Follicle Stimulating Hormone- stimulates development of testes and ovaries. MALFUNCTION: • Gigantism- due to an oversecretion of growth hormone.

  9. Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain

  10. Gland: ThyroidLocation: Neck • Hormones Secreted: • Thyroxin- regulates metabolism. MALFUNCTION: • Goiter- enlargement of the thyroid gland due to a lack of iodine in the diet.

  11. Gland: ParathyroidLocation: In the Thyroid • Hormone Secreted: • Parathormone- regulates calcium metabolism which is necessary for nerve function, blood clotting and proper growth of teeth and bones.

  12. Gland: AdrenalsLocation: On top of Kidneys • Hormone secreted: • Adrenalin- increases blood sugar level and accelerates heart and breathing rates during times of emergency. • Fight or flight

  13. Gland: Pancreas • Hormones secreted: • Insulin- lowers blood sugar levels (excess glucose gets stored in the liver as glycogen). • Glucagon- raises blood sugar levels (stimulates the release of sugar from the liver). MALFUNCTION: • Diabetes- lack of insulin leads to high blood sugar levels.

  14. Gland: Testes • Hormone secreted: • Testosterone- influences the development of male secondary sex characteristics.

  15. Gland: Ovaries • Hormones secreted: • Estrogen- influences the development of female secondary sex characteristics. • Progesterone- regulates the menstrual cycle.

  16. Feedback Mechanism • Negative feedback- A type of self-regulation, operates on the principal that the level of one hormone in the blood stimulates or inhibits the production of another hormone.

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