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Planning for Success

Planning for Success. William H. Dietz, MD, PhD Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Changes in Obesity Prevalence by Race/ethnicity Boys 2-19 Years. Ogden CL et al. JAMA 2008;299:2401; Ogden CL et al. JAMA. 2010 303(3):242-9.

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Planning for Success

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  1. Planning for Success William H. Dietz, MD, PhD Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  2. Changes in Obesity Prevalence by Race/ethnicity Boys 2-19 Years Ogden CL et al. JAMA 2008;299:2401; Ogden CL et al. JAMA. 2010 303(3):242-9.

  3. Changes in Obesity Prevalence by Race/ethnicity Girls 2-19 Years Ogden CL et al. JAMA 2008;299:2401; Ogden CL et al. JAMA. 2010 303(3):242-9.

  4. Changes in Prevalence of Obesity in Women 1999-2008 Prevalence Year Flegal KM et al. JAMA 2010;303:235

  5. Changes in Prevalence of Obesity in Men 1999-2008 Prevalence Year Flegal KM et al. JAMA 2010;303:235

  6. Costs of Obesity – 1998 vs. 2008 19982008 Total costs $78.5 B/y $147 B/y Medical costs 6.5% 9.1% Increased prevalence, not increased per capita costs, was the main driver of the increase in costs Finkelstein et al. Health Affairs 2009; 28:w822

  7. Average Daily Energy Gap (kcal/day): 1988-1994 to 1999-2002 • Behavioral implications of 150 kcal: • Replacing 1 can of soda (12 oz) with water (140 kcal) • Reducing TV watching by an hour (167 kcal/day)1 • Walking 1.9 hours instead of sitting (for a 30-kg boy) • Increasing PE from 1 to 3 times/week (240 kcal) Wang YC et al. Pediatrics 2006;118:e1721 Wiechaet al. 2006; Arch Pediatric Adolesc Med 160:436

  8. Principal Targets Prenatal period Reduce energy intake Decrease high and increase low ED foods Increase fruit and vegetable intake Reduce sugar-sweetened beverages Decrease television time Breastfeeding Increase energy expenditure Increase daily physical activity

  9. Priority Strategies to Address Target Behaviors Energy density Apply nutrition standards in child care and schools Promote menu labeling in states and communities Increase retail food stores in underserved areas Fruits and vegetables Increase access through retail stores Farm to where you are policies Food policy councils Sugar-sweetened beverages Ensure access to safe and good tasting water Limit access Differential pricing strategies

  10. Priority Strategies to Address Target Behaviors Television viewing Regulations to limit TV time in child care settings Limit food advertising directed at children Breastfeeding Policies and environmental supports in maternity care Policy and environmental supports in worksites State and national coalitions to support breastfeeding Physical activity Community-wide campaigns Increase access with informational outreach Increase opportunities for PA in school settings

  11. New Focus Areas Trans fat Sodium Menu labeling Point of purchase Food marketing to children

  12. MAPPS Strategies to Improve Nutrition and Increase Physical Activity to Prevent and Control Obesity • Media: promotional campaigns, advertising standards • - Access: restricted access to less healthful products, improved food availability in rural and urban settings • - Price: competitive pricing, crop subsidies • - Promotion/Point of purchase: front of pack labels • - Social support: food policy councils • MMWR 2009;58: RR7

  13. Settings for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity • Medical settings • Child care • School • Worksite • Community

  14. Fast Food and Children’s Hospitals 200 pediatric residency programs 59 (29.5%) had fast food restaurants - 17 (8.5%) McDonalds alone - 5 (2.5%) McDonalds and others - 37 (18.5%) other SahudHB et al. Pediatrics 2006;118:2290

  15. Chronic Care Model Environment Medical System Family/Patient Self-Management Family School Worksite Community Information Systems Decision Support Delivery System Design Self Management Support Dietz WH et al. Health Affairs 2007;26:430

  16. Settings for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity • Medical settings • Child care • School • Worksite • Community

  17. Childcare Initiatives Focus on state polices related to nutrition, physical activity, and obesity Identification of model policies Development of a surveillance system to assess state progress

  18. Georgia’s Nutrition and Physical Activity Regulations in Child Care Centers (1998) • + Water freely available • + Sugar-sweetened beverages limited • + Foods of low nutritional value limited • + Children not forced to eat • + Screen time limited • - Food not used as a reward • - Support provided for breastfeeding • Physical activity required • Benjamin SE et al. BMC Public Health 2009;8:188

  19. Median % Changes in Schools in which Students Could not Buy Unhealthy Snack Foods and Beverages: 2002-2008 % School Health Profiles; MMWR 2009;58:1102

  20. Settings for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity • Medical settings • Child care • School • Worksite • Community

  21. Strategies for Community Interventions Recommended Community Strategies and Measurements to Prevent Obesity in the United States; MMWR 2009;58:RR-7 Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity. www.nap.edu

  22. National Physical Activity Plan • Establishes physical activity as a priority • Plan and framework for action • Describes government, non-government, and • private sector actions to increase physical activity • Defines accountability

  23. Sectors in National Physical Activity Plan • Mass media • Public health • Education • Healthcare • Volunteer and non-profit organizations • Transportation, urban design and city planning • Business and industry • Parks, recreation, fitness and sports

  24. National Initiatives Let’s Move Childhood Obesity Interdepartmental Task on Childhood Obesity HHS Task Force on Obesity

  25. Pillars of Let’s Move Helping parents make healthy choices Serving healthier foods in schools Accessing healthy affordable food Increasing physical activity

  26. Upcoming Events March 17 – Release of 4/6 guidance documents April 22 – Release of the IOM Report on Sodium April 28 - National Nutrition Summit May 2 - Release of the NAP for Physical Activity May – Release of PA State Indicator Report May – FDA release of FOP research June – Release Dietary Guidelines for Americans July – Submission of recommendations for voluntary standards for food marketed to children August - 2010 Surgeon General’s CTA on Breastfeeding

  27. National Nutrition Summit • Event co-sponsored by HHS and USDA to highlight progress in changing the food environment • Changes in federal food policy • Progress in schools • Progress in consumer information • Criteria for sodium reduction in selected food categories

  28. Upcoming Events March 17 – Release of 4/6 guidance documents April 22 – Release of the IOM Report on Sodium April 28 - National Nutrition Summit May 2 - Release of the NAP for Physical Activity May – Release of PA State Indicator Report May – FDA release of FOP research June – Release Dietary Guidelines for Americans July – Submission of recommendations for voluntary standards for food marketed to children August - 2010 Surgeon General’s CTA on Breastfeeding

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