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1) Name the 9 types of energy giving examples.

1) Name the 9 types of energy giving examples. Answer Electricity Light Sound Kinetic Nuclear Thermal Gravitational potential energy Elastic Chemical. 2 ) Name the two types of stored Energy. (2). Answer Potential energy eg : Elastic and gravitational

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1) Name the 9 types of energy giving examples.

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  1. 1) Name the 9 types of energy giving examples. Answer Electricity Light Sound Kinetic Nuclear Thermal Gravitational potential energy Elastic Chemical

  2. 2) Name the two types of stored Energy. (2) Answer • Potential energy eg: Elastic and gravitational • Chemical energy eg: food, fuels and batteries

  3. 3) What is the conservation of energy (2). • Energy cannot be created or destroyed and can only be converted from one form to another. • For example all energy supplied to a system needs to be accounted for. If 300J of electrical energy is supplied to a system, the total useful energy and wasted energymust equal 300j

  4. 4) Explain how energy is conserved in the following ; • Solar panel (Light to--______) • Falling object (Gravitational potential -______) • TV (Electrical ----- ______ +________) • Batteries (Chemical-- _________ ------__________ Ans: • Solar panel (Light to-- Electricity) • Falling object (Gravitational potential -Kinetic) • TV (Electrical ----- Sound + Light) • Toy car batteries (Chemical-- Electrical  Kinetic .

  5. 5) Why is the total input energy not the same as the useful output energy? Ans: a) Energy could be wasted eg as heat or sound

  6. 6) What kind of energy transfers happen to a person who is running (2). Ans: Chemical energy(food) to kinetic energy (movement

  7. 7) A machine has an input of 500W. It wastes 300W. (3) • Calculate the useful energy • b) Calculate the efficiency. Answer • Total input energy= Useful energy+ wasted energy. Useful energy = 500-300= 200W b) Efficiency= useful200 = 0.4 or 40% Total input 500

  8. 8) • Calculate the energy supplied • What form is the energy wasted? • What is the efficiency of the light bulb? Light bulb Energy supplied 300 J of light energy 30 J of wasted energy Answer • Total input energy= Useful energy + wasted energy. = 300 + 30 = 330 b) Heat c) Efficiency= useful300= 0.91 or 91% Total input 330

  9. 9) For an object to stay at the same temperature what needs to happen. Answer The energy absorbed must = The energy emitted Or Power absorbed must = The power emitted

  10. 10) a) Describe how the earth is kept at a constant temperature. b) Describe why a radiator will reach a constant temperature. Answer • The amount of heat absorbed by the earth from the sun will become equal to the amount of heat emitted. • The amount of heat supplied will equal to the amount of heat emitted (lost)

  11. 11) Which colours are the best absorbers and emitters • Black • White • Silver Answer a) Black

  12. 12) What type of materials are the best absorbers. • Mat/rough • Shiny/gloss Answer Mat/rough

  13. 13) Why are solar panels painted black(6) Answer • Heat radiation from the sun is absorbed by the black surfaces.

  14. 14) Why is a silver coloured blanket used by athletes to cover themselves after a race? Answer. The silver colour helps to stop the body heat from radiating away keeping the athlete warm.

  15. 15) What are the three ways energy is transferred.(3) Answer Conduction Convection Radiation

  16. 16) The thermal heat is transferred to earth from the sun by (infra red) radiation. Why is thermal heat not transferred through convection or conduction (3). Answer • Convection and conduction require particles, radiation does not. As there are no particles in space (vacuum) convection and conduction cannot happen.

  17. 17) Solar hot water panels contain water pipes. At the start the temperature of the water in the pipe increases. After a while, the temperature becomes constant. Suggest changes which would increase the constant temperature reached. Answer • Paint the solar panels black • Cover pipe with insulation.

  18. 18) • Using the information in the diagram, describe the energy transfers involved in producing electrical energy in a fossil fuel powered power station. Answer • Heat and light energy supplied by the sun, • for photosynthesis of plants, or energy for animals stored as chemical energy • plants and animals die over million years become fossil fuels • Fossil fuels (chemical energy) burnt to produce thermal energy, • to boil water produces steam. • Steam (kinetic energy) turns turbine, • this turns generator ((kinetic energy) which produces electricity Underlined and in bold are the energy transfers

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