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Unit 5 Light years, Theories and Characteristics of the Universe

Unit 5 Light years, Theories and Characteristics of the Universe. THEORY is: . An idea that is the best explanation of many observations and helps make new predictions. Light year is: . Distance that light travel in a vacuum in one year, about 9.5 trillion km- which is used to

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Unit 5 Light years, Theories and Characteristics of the Universe

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  1. Unit 5 Light years, Theories and Characteristics of the Universe

  2. THEORY is: An idea that is the best explanation of many observations and helps make new predictions

  3. Light year is: Distance that light travel in a vacuum in one year, about 9.5 trillion km- which is used to record distances between stars and galaxies

  4. SPEED of LIGHT is: The speed at which light travels: About 186,282 miles per second or 299,792 kilometers per second TIME NOT DISTANCE !

  5. BIG BANG THEORY is: A theory that states that about 12 billion to 15 billion years ago, the universe began with a huge, fiery explosion.

  6. UNIVERSE is: the totality of everything thatexists,including all matter and  energy, the planets, stars,  galaxies, and the contents of intergalactic space.

  7. Galaxy is: Large group of stars, dust and gas held together by gravity; can be elliptical, spiral, and irregular Irregular Galaxy

  8. BLACK HOLE is: Final stage in the evolution of a supernova, in which the core’s mass collapses to a point that it has no volume and whose gravity is so strong that not even light can escape

  9. STAR is: A huge object in space made up of gas and giving off light and heat from nuclear reactions; the sun is a star

  10. MAIN SEQUENCE STAR is: A "main sequence star" is not really a type of star but a period in a stars life. When a star is in "main sequence" it is converting hydrogen into energy. This is the longest period in a stars lifetime.

  11. STELLAR NEBULA is: is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases. WHERE A STAR IS BORN!

  12. PLANETARYNEBULA made up of gas and plasma, they are made by certain types of stars when they die.

  13. Luminosity is: a measure of the radiant power emitted by a star.

  14. Hertzsprung-Russell diagram a scatter graph of stars in which the absolute magnitude (intrinsic luminosity) of stars is plotted vertically against their surface temperature (or corresponding spectral types)

  15. ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE a measure of the star's luminosity---the total amount of energy radiated by the star every second.

  16. APPARENT MAGNITUDE The apparent brightness of a star observed from the Earth

  17. Electromagnetic Spectrum Full range of electromagnetic waves

  18. TROUGH is: the lowest part of a wave; the part of a wave with the least magnitude.

  19. CREST is: the highest part of a wave; the part of a wave with the  greatest magnitude.

  20. WAVELENGTH is: The distance between successive crests of a wave

  21. FREQUENCY is: the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time.

  22. NANOMETER is: 1 billionth of a meter, written 10⁻⁹ m

  23. Hertz is: Measurement of wave frequency equal to vibrations per second

  24. Spectroscope is: Instrument used for producing and observing spectra.

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