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This article discusses the development of a European standard for lifting and loadbearing equipment in the entertainment industry, focusing on the need for clarity and the role of standards. It highlights the work done by the technical committee and working groups, as well as the applicable use cases and recommended safety functions. Annexes provide additional clarity and examples for risk assessment and designing safeguards. The progress of the standard is also mentioned.
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Develop European standard for“Lifting & Loadbearing equipmentin the entertainment industry” Dirk Bakker Head Maintenance Department Dutch National Opera & Ballet Amsterdam
To SIL3 ornot to SIL3 • Machine Directive 2006: • Not applicable for machines and installations used for moving performers • Everybody mentions' SIL3 but is that always necessary? • Time for clarity, time for Standards!
Workshop WS 25 • 2005 – 2008 • Ca. 60 persons • Result: Common Working Agreement (CWA) • CWA 15902-1 Lifting & Loadbearing equipment • CWA 15902-2 Aluminum – steel strusses-towers [CWA = informative, not required as a National Standard ]
Technical Committee TC 433 • Started in 2014 • 40 experts serving four Working Groups • WG1: Machinery • WG2: Work equipment and installations (trusses / towers) • WG3: Terms and definitions -> part of WG1 • WG4: Codes of Practices -> for the users
Who needs the Standard? • CWA 15902 is for manufacturers and users • A Standard is for manufacturers • However, users also need to know : • The limits of the installation / how to use, and; • Why are there (technical) restrictions • Code of Practices is informative for users and is not a part of the Standard.
Work group WG1 Machinery • Taskgroup 1: Mechanical components and machines • Taskgroup 2: Electrical components and control systems
Taskgroup 1: Machinery • Base document CWA15902-1:2008 • Mechanical part was already pretty good, lot of discussion solved in the CWA period • Hot item was again the chain-hoist, do we need a 2nd brake …? • The remainder were editorial points. • Taskgroup 1 was finished early.
Taskgroup 2: Electrical components and control • Base document: CWA 15902-1: 2008 • Chapter 8: 13 pages (“how difficult can it be”) • Evaluation chapter 8: • Lots of references to existing standards, not easy to read / understand • Safety functions were mentioned, but cluttered • Unclear what is requested for what situation
What is applicable for whatEntertainment venue?? • Simple installations e.g. schools • Outdoor rigging -> e.g. small “farmer” venue • Complex installations -> Opera houses -> Beyonce like rigging • All have to fit in one Standard!! • How to do that??
Use Case en Safety functions Situations: = Use Case • Persons in danger zone? • Is the weight of the load always known / same? • Is the load divided over multiple drives and always within the boundaries of the installation? • High speed or low speed?
Type of machine / installation • Upper machinery for vertical movements • Lower machinery for vertical movements • Lower machinery for horizontal movements • Combinations of above mentioned machinery
UppermachineryUse Cases Load distribution: None: Statically determined load system: load is known and no dangerous situation can occur during or due to the movement. Yes: Statically undetermined load system: During movement it is possible that a dangerous situation can occur at one or more machines.
Upper machinery safety functions (1) • Emergency stop (Category 0 of 1) • Deadman function (Category 0, 1 of 2) • Position deviations • Speed deviations • Loss of group synchronisation • Over-speed • Overload
Upper machinerie safety functions (2) • Underload • Unplanned load deviations • Improper winding • Slack cable conditions • Limitation of travel • Brake failure • Power source failure
Recommended safety functions • [ - ] = No recommendations • [ R ] = Recommended • [ HR ] = Highly Recommended • NOTE HR: when a safety function is not applied, then the reason therefor should be mentioned in the Risk Assesment to be provided by the manufacturer.
Tabel – Upper Machinery Recommended Safety Functions & measures (informative)
More clarity thrue annexes • Annex A: Risk Assesment examples • Annex B: Use cases (normative) • B1: Upper machinery (UC) • B2: Lower machinery vertical (UC-LSL) • B3: Lower machinery horizontal (UC-LSH)[LS=Lower Stage Machinery] • Annex C: Safety function tables per Use Case
Annex D: Information table for users • Supplied by the manufacturer • Use Case must be indicated • Parameters per safety function must be indicated • User knows what type of machinery is delivered • User knows the boundaries of the installation • Bases for inspection and maintenance
More clarity thrue Annexes • Annex E: Designing safeguards on the basis of Risk Assessment • E1: SIL methode • E2: PL method • Annex F: Examples of using the Risk Graphs • Annex G: Application examples how to calculate SIL / PL
Planning • WG1: Machines and controls: prEN 17206 Started in 2015 (should be finished within 3 years) Q1 - 2018 – Draft published by CEN for comments 13th April 2018 – Start commenting (603)comments 25th February 2019 – Finished commenting comments Q2 – 2019 – Start 2nd comments on new draft standard W4- 2019 - EN-Standard (ending 3+1 year period to finalize)? • WG2: Trusses and towers: EN 17115:2018 dated 1 September 2018 • WG4: Code of Practice: Ongoing proces started after the draft prEN 17206 was drafted! Hopefully last part done in 2021(?)
Questions?? • Still under progress!! • New 2nd draft for editorial work at CEN • Hopefully not too much comments. • TC433 evaluation of comments. • CEN approval latest December 2019.
