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Unit: Periodic Trends

Day 4 - Notes. Unit: Periodic Trends. Trend for Ionic Size and Electronegativity ( E.N. ). After today, you should be able to…. Explain the periodic trend for ionic size and electronegativity Compare the size of cations to the size of anions Provide explanations for each of these trends.

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Unit: Periodic Trends

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  1. Day 4 - Notes Unit: Periodic Trends Trend for Ionic Size and Electronegativity (E.N.)

  2. After today, you should be able to… • Explain the periodic trend for ionic size and electronegativity • Compare the size of cations to the size of anions • Provide explanations for each of these trends

  3. Ionic Size: Cations Cations: (+) are always smallerthan the neutral atom from which they are made. • As electrons are lost, sometimes there is a loss of an energy level. (Decreased distance results in more attraction.) • There will be less electron repulsions, and therefore greater attraction to the nucleus.

  4. Ionic Size: Cations • The more electrons lost, the smaller the ion becomes Example: Mg > Mg+1 > Mg+2 (largest in size) (smallest in size)

  5. Ionic Size: Anions Anions: (-) are always larger than the neutral atom from which they are made. • More electron repulsions results in less attractive force between the nucleus and energy levels.

  6. Ionic Size: Anions • The more electrons gained, the bigger the ion becomes. Example: O < O-1 < O-2 (smallest in size) (largest in size)

  7. Electronegativity (E.N.) Trend • Electronegativity:Tendency for an element to attract electrons when chemically combined with another element. • Fluorine has the highest E.N. = 4.0

  8. Group trend:E.N. decreases moving down • Electrons are less attracted to the nucleus (more energy levels) • Period trend:E.N. increases moving from left to right across a period • Electrons are more attracted to the nucleus due to increased nuclear charge

  9. Electronegativity Values www.ptable.com

  10. Summary: Electronegativity Increases Decreases Easy way to remember: The UPSIDE-DOWN Snowman!

  11. Do now: Complete and turn in the “Exit Ticket” Then: Begin WS 4 (Homework)

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