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Section 3C – Macromolecules (Nucleic Acids and Molecular Genetics)

Learn about the orientation of DNA strands, the process and location of DNA replication, and the key enzymes involved. Compare DNA replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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Section 3C – Macromolecules (Nucleic Acids and Molecular Genetics)

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  1. Section 3C – Macromolecules (Nucleic Acids and Molecular Genetics) Part 3: DNA – Replication

  2. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA replicates by making a strand that is complementary to each original strand

  3. Part 3: DNA – Replication Objectives: Describe how two strands of DNA are oriented Explain the process / location of DNA replication Identify key enzymes involved in DNA replication Contrast DNA replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

  4. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Orientation The DNA sugar deoxyribose is a 5-carbon sugar

  5. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Orientation a. Carbon 1’ (one prime) isattached to the nitrogen base

  6. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Orientation b. Carbon 3’ (three prime) isattached to the OH group

  7. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Orientation c. Carbon 5’ (five prime) isattached to the phosphate group Five is fosfate (phosphate)

  8. Recall: The orientation of the two strands of DNA is called anti-parallel

  9. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Orientation Let’s look at another…

  10. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Orientation

  11. Part 3: DNA – Replication You do: What is the DNA complement of each DNA strand below? 5’-A-G-T-C-3’ 3’-T-C-A-G-5’

  12. Part 3: DNA – Replication You do: What is the DNA complement of each DNA strand below? 5’-A-G-T-C-3’ 3’-T-C-A-G-5’

  13. Part 3: DNA – Replication You do: What is the DNA complement of each DNA strand below? 5’-A-G-T-C-3’ 3’-T-C-A-G-5’

  14. Part 3: DNA – Replication You do: What is the DNA complement of each DNA strand below? 5’-A-G-T-C-3’ 3’-T-C-A-G-5’

  15. Part 3: DNA – Replication You do: What is the DNA complement of each DNA strand below? 5’-A-G-T-C-3’ 3’-T-C-A-G-5’

  16. Part 3: DNA – Replication You do: What is the DNA complement of each DNA strand below? 5’-A-G-T-C-3’ 3’-T-C-A-G-5’

  17. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Orientation What is the DNA complement of each DNA strand below? 5’-T-T-A-G-C-T-3’ 5’-A-T-C-G-A-T-3’

  18. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication DNA replication is the copying of DNA to make new DNA strands in the nucleus*

  19. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication DNA replication is called semi-conservative

  20. Part 3: DNA – Replication A A A T T T T A G C C G G G C C DNA Replication The original parent strand of DNA separates A T A A A T T T T A T A A T T A C C G G G C C G

  21. Part 3: DNA – Replication A A A T T T T A G C C G G G C C DNA Replication Each strand serves as a template to make new DNA A T A A A T T T T A T A A T T A C C G G G C C G

  22. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Where else have you used a template? What purpose did it serve?

  23. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication DNA replication occurs in three parts:

  24. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication (1) Unwinding

  25. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication DNA helicaseis the enzymethat unwindsthe double helix

  26. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication (2) Base-pairing

  27. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication DNA polymerase is the enzyme that creates the new DNA strand

  28. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Complementary nucleotides are added based on sequence of the parent strand

  29. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  30. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  31. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  32. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  33. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  34. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  35. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  36. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  37. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication Nucleotides are added based on the complementary sequence of the parent strand

  38. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication The leading strand is built continuously toward the replication fork

  39. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication The lagging strand is built discontinuously away from the replication fork

  40. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication (3) Joining

  41. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication DNA ligase is the enzyme that links pieces of DNA strands together

  42. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication 3:30 min replication review

  43. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication in Prokaryotes is different than in Eukaryotes Replication in prokaryotes begins at one site and occurs in the cytoplasm

  44. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Replication in Prokaryotes is different than in Eukaryotes Replication in eukaryotes begins at multiple sites and occurs in the nucleus

  45. Part 3: DNA – Replication DNA Structure and Replication Video Crash Course DNA structure and replication

  46. Part 3: DNA – Replication Read pg 350-353 (not Telomeres) Complete Homework 3C-2

  47. Part 3: DNA – Replication Activity – DNA Replication Models DNA parent strands serve as templates for the synthesis of new daughter DNA strands Work in groups of 2 and use K’NEX to demonstrate how DNA replication occurs!

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