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VARIOUS CODES FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION: PROVISIONS OF NBC By (R. N. Gupta)

VARIOUS CODES FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION: PROVISIONS OF NBC By (R. N. Gupta) Professor/Track machine. Basic requirement of a Building. Usability-Functional Utility Structural Stability Aesthetics Maintenance. Deficiencies in Building Construction.

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VARIOUS CODES FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION: PROVISIONS OF NBC By (R. N. Gupta)

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  1. VARIOUS CODES FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION: PROVISIONS OF NBC By (R. N. Gupta) Professor/Track machine

  2. Basic requirement of a Building • Usability-Functional Utility • Structural Stability • Aesthetics • Maintenance

  3. Deficiencies in Building Construction • Do not meet Functional Requirement – Leaking Roofs, Faulty Bathrooms Drainage • Improper Orientation and Internal layout . • No Master Plan-Piecemeal construction, Haphazard development, Unaesthetic, ‘Dirty’ Gap in between structures • Poor Material - Brick, Wood, Toilet fittings • Poor Workmanship • Poor Finishing-Polishing; splashes of distemper • Poor Aesthetics • Walls out of plumb, Haphazard Pipe Line, Drainage layout • Poor Detailing /

  4. Reasons behind the Poor Construction • Lack of knowledge • Lack of application • Lack of concern “Thikhai approach’” • Inadequate supervision at Officers’ Level • Inadequate supervision at Supervisors’ Level /

  5. How to Improve… • Quality consciousness • Training • Set Standards • Effectiveness of inspections • Inspection/Testing Facilities /

  6. Stages of Building project • Location Selection/siting • Connectivity - Road, Water Supply, Drainage • Future Developments • Sub soil / Founding Strata • Local Issues

  7. IRWM- Planning and General Instructions Para 201: Siting of Buildings – (a) Section 11 of the Indian Railways Act No.24 of 1989 and the Government Buildings Act No. IV of 1899 read in conjunction with Sec.291 of the Cantonments Act No. II of 1924 provide for the right to erect buildings on their own land by Railways without having to obtain sanction of the Municipal or Cantonment authorities in whose area the site is situated.

  8. IRWM- Planning and General Instructions Para 201: Siting of Buildings – (b)Buildings in the vicinity of tracks inside curves should be avoided. • Visibility aspect at relevant location shall be kept in mind. • Buildings or other structures should be at boundary of land so as to avoid encroachment and also to ensure availability of land for future tracks.

  9. IRWM- Planning and General Instructions Para 201: Siting of Buildings – (c) Multi-storeyed Buildings shall be constructed on consideration of land cost/land scarcity. • Local bylaws: Not applicable but it is better to give/take due care. • For fire-fighting arrangements, the provisions indicated in National Building Code may be followed.

  10. Stages of Building project • Planning and Detailing • Optimum Utilisation of available space • Good Building plan – Orientation, Layout • Arrangement of rooms, doors and windows to provide comfortable living, security and privacy. • Most comfortable combination of environmental features – Temperature, Ventilation, Natural lighting • Proper Structural Design with aesthetics angle • Good Detailing – Drainage Plan, Water Supply /

  11. IRWM- Planning and General Instructions Para 201: Planning of staff Colony– • Orientation of buildings:- Provide physically and psychologically comfortable living inside the building, minimising effect of adverse weather. • For this, the following factors should be considered for the optimum orientation of the building. • Natural light and temperature • Prevailing winds • Surrounding view & features • Orientation of building will depend on climatic conditions.

  12. Stages of Building project 3. Construction / Execution • Proper Selection of Construction Material • Testing and Check • Quality in Construction -Adhere to specifications • Supervision and Quality Control during execution

  13. Stages of Building project 4. Maintenance and Repair • Ease of maintenance of the building and every part of it . • Compatibility of repair material and technique. Each stage requires professionals of many disciplines, who should work together as a well coordinated team to achieve the desired product delivery with quality in an effective manner.

  14. It comprise need based professionals out of the following depending upon the nature, magnitude and complexity of the project: a) Town planner b) Civil engineer, c) Structural engineer, d) Architect, e) Electrical engineer, f) Plumbing engineer g) HVAC engineer, h) Interior designer, i) Fire protection engineer j) Security system specialist, k) Landscape architect, l) Quantity surveyor, m) Project/construction manageretc

  15. National Building Code of India

  16. National Building Code 2016 • Bureau of Indian standards was entrusted by planning commission to prepare NBC (1965). • First version published in 1970. (Revised in 1983 referred as SP:7 – 1983) • Second Version published in 2005. • Third and current revised NBC published in 2016 in Vol- I & II. • It lays down a set of minimum provisions to protect the safety of the public occupying the building with regard to structural sufficiency, fire hazards and general health aspects. • With these basic requirements, the choice of materials and methods of design and construction are left to the ingenuity of the building professionals. • Regulations enforced by ministry of urban development and Bylaws of local bodies.

  17. National Building Code 2016 • National Building Code is a comprehensive document serves as a model code for adoption by all agencies involved in Building construction works in country whetherGovt bodies, local bodies or private construction agencies. • Itis a National Instrument providing guidelines for regulating the Building construction activities across the country.

  18. National Building Code 2016 : Contents (Volume-I) • Part-0: Integrated Approach-Prerequisite for Applying Provisions of Code • Part-1: Definitions • Part-2: Administration • Part-3: development Control Rules and General Building Requirement • Part-4: Fire and Life safety • Part-5: Building Material

  19. National Building Code 2016 : Contents • Part-6: Structural Design Section 1- Loads, Forces and Effects Section 2- Soils and Foundations Section 3- Timber and Bamboo (3A– Timber, 3B-- Bamboo ) Section 4– Masonry Section 5- Concrete Section 6 - Steel Section 7 - Prefabrication/ Composite Construction Section 8 : Glass and Glazing (Volume-II) • Part-7: Construction Management, Practices and Safety /

  20. National Building Code 2016 : Contents • Part-8: Building services Section 1.Lighting and Natural Ventilation Section 2. Electrical and Allied Installations Section 3. Air conditioning, Heating and Mechanical VentilationSection 4. Acoustics, Sound Insulation and Noise Control Section 5.Installation of Lifts and Escalators and Moving Walks Section 6 : Information and Communication Enabled Installations • Part-9: Plumbing Services Section 1 : Water Supply, Section2: Drainage and Sanitation Section 3: Solid Waste Management, Section 4: Gas Supply • Part-10: Landscaping, Signs and Outdoor Display structuresSection 1. Landscape Planning and Design Section 2. Signs and Outdoor Display Structures • Part 11 : Approach to Sustainability • Part 12 : Asset and Facility Management /

  21. Some Basic Provisions of National Building Code of India-2016

  22. Size of Drawings

  23. Drawings-Coloring

  24. General Requirements of Building • Plinth Level • Should ensure drainage away from building • Higher than surrounding Ground Level by at least 45 cm for main building and 15 cm for interior courtyard and covered parking • Lifts – Must if building height is more than 15 m. • Fire Protection • Mandatory requirements for fire protection if height of building exceeds 15 m. • ( IS:1643 – 1988; NBC Part IV). • Min distance between buildings- 6.0 m • For educational and institutional buildings- 9.0 m

  25. Open Spaces • Every room intended for human habitation should abut on an interior or exterior open space or an open verandah. • There should be open spaces inside and around a building to cater for the lighting and ventilation requirements. • in the case of buildings abutting on streets in the front, rear or sides, the open spaces provided shall be sufficient for the future widening of such streets.

  26. Front Open Spaces • The front open space should be as per bye-laws of area. • Following minimum front open space should be provided- Width of street (in m)Front Open Space (in m) Upto7.5 (*) 1.5 (*) 7.5 to 18 3.0 18 to 30 4.5 Above 30 6.0 (*)For buildings upto a height of 7 m (1) For streets less than 7.5 m in width, the building line should be atleast 5 m from the centre line of street. (2) The maximum height of building shall not exceed 1.5 times the width of road abutting plus the front open space

  27. Rear and Side Open Spaces • Rear Open Space: • Average width of 3.0 m and not less than 1.8 m at any place. • For plots of depth less than 9.0 m and for building upto7 m height, the rear open space can be reduced to 1.5 m. • Side Open space: • For detached buildings min 3.0 m side space should be provided. • In case of plots with frontage less than 9 m and buildings upto7 m height, the side open space can be reduced to 1.5 m . • For row type buildings, no side open space is required. • For buildings of height above 10 m, the open spaces (side and rear) shall be as given in Table 4 (Clause 8.2.3.1) of NBC.

  28. Rear and Side Open Spaces(Table-4, Part-3, Page-36)

  29. Openings for Light and Ventilation • Should not be less than • 1/10 of floor area for dry hot climate (Hot-Dry) • 1/8 of floor area for intermediate climate (Hot-Humid) • 1/6 of floor area for wet hot climate (Warm-Humid) • 1/12 of floor area for cold climate (Cold) • No portion of a room will be considered lighted if it is more than 7.5 m away from opening • Increase the area of opening by 25% for kitchen

  30. Recommended Heights of Window Sill

  31. NBC 2016 New Chapters & Sections added • Part 6 : Section 8 : Glass and Glazing • Part 4 : Fire and Lift Safety • Part 11 : Approach to Sustainability

  32. Glass and Glazing • Design and selection of Glass • Design and selection of Frames • Design and selection of other associated material • Design and selection of Glazing system

  33. Glass and Glazing Performance criteria of a glazing system : • Impact resistance of glass • Energy performance / efficiency of glass • Clear light transmission • Location of glass to be fitted • Resistance to fire • Acoustic performance • Structural Stability

  34. Dimensions of residential BuildingsPara 201(d) of IRWM-Ref:NBC • Habitat Rooms • Minimum Height- 3.00m (NBC:2.75 m) • For educational building, minimum ceiling height - 3.6 m • Minimum Clear Headroom under a beam or AC Duct or false ceiling -2.4m • Minimum area of habitat room - 9.5 m2with minimum width - 2.4m

  35. Dimensions of residential BuildingsPara 201(d) of IRWM-Ref:NBC • Kitchen • Minimum height – 2.75 m • Minimum area – 5.0 m2 (4.5 m2 if separate store provided) • Minimum width : 1.8 m • Minimum ventilation : 1.0 m2 • Impermeable floor

  36. Dimensions of residential BuildingsPara 201(d) of IRWM-Ref:NBC • Bathroom and Water Closet • Minimum Height of Bathroom – 2.0 m • Minimum size of bathroom - 1.5 m x 1.2 m • Minimum floor area of WC – 1.1 m2 • Minimum width of water closet – 0.9 m • If Bathroom & WC are combined : • Minimum area – 2.8 m2 • Minimum width – 1.2 m • Window/Ventilator for Minimum - 0.3 m2 • Impervious floor and walls upto 1 m height • One wall should open to external airy area /

  37. Dimensions of residential BuildingsPara 201(d) of IRWM-Ref:NBC • Basement • Minimum height : 2.4 m • Adequate ventilation; mechanical ventilation if required • Surface drainage not to enter the basement • Adequate damp-proofing treatment. Walls and floors to be water tight • Separate access to basement. • Height of ceiling of basement not less than 0.9m and not more than 1.2 m above surrounding ground level

  38. Dimensions of residential BuildingsPara 201(d) of IRWM-Ref:NBC • Staircase • Minimum width • Residential buildings – 1.0 m • Assembly buildings – 1.5 m • Institutional buildings – 2.0 m (Hospital etc.) • Minimum head room-2.2m. • Minimum width of tread (cm) • Residential buildings – 25 • Other buildings – 30 • Maximum ht of riser (cm) • Residential buildings –19 • Other buildings – 15 • Maximum 15 risers per flight (New NBC 12)

  39. Dimensions of residential BuildingsPara 201(d) of IRWM-Ref:NBC • Garage • Minimum height : 2.4 m • Minimum size : 3.6 x 6.0 m • Store room • Minimum height : 2.2 m • Minimum size : 3.0 m2 • Passage • Min Width : 1.0 m • Parapet • Minimum Ht : 1.05 m (NBC 1.00m) • Maximum Ht :1.20 m • Weather Shed • Minimum projection : 0.6 m. /

  40. Recommended Size of Doors • External door – 1.2 X 2.0 m • Internal door for bedroom or living room – 1.0 X 2.0 m or 0.9 X 2.0 m • Bathroom, kitchen, store 0.8 X 2.0 m

  41. Minimum Space Requirements

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