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Factories

Factories. Trains – Choo choo. Steam engines became stronger and more efficient Railways began to pop up all over Britain First major train was called the rocket – could travel at an amazing 39km per hour!!. Cottage Industry.

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Factories

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  1. Factories

  2. Trains – Choochoo • Steam engines became stronger and more efficient • Railways began to pop up all over Britain • First major train was called the rocket – could travel at an amazing 39km per hour!!

  3. Cottage Industry • At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution people turned their homes into mini-factories • Textiles was most common • Not very efficient

  4. Factories Arkwright’s “Water Frame” • New machines were too big to fit in homes • Large factories were made to house them • Capitalists would invest money • Capitalist is someone who gives his money to businesses in return for a share in the profits

  5. Factory Workers • Paid very little • Long work hours • 12-16 hour shifts, 6 days a week • No safety measures • Factory owners tried to save money wherever they could

  6. Child labour • School wasn’t mandatory • Children forced to work to help with family income • Paid even less than men and women • Had to do the most dangerous jobs

  7. Factory Acts • The government EVENTUALLY realized the dangers that existed in these factories • Passed some laws to help the situation • The notion of laissez-faire slowed the change • The rich were upset, they wanted to keep the working class as poor and tired as possible • Primitive Labour Unions began to form

  8. Factories Act 1844 • Limited working hour to 12 per day for women and children • Set maximum working hours for children of 9-13 for 9 per day • Mill owners are more accountable for protection for workers • Ten Hours Bill 1847 • Limited working hours to 10 per day for women and children • Set a maximum hours in a week to 63 for women and children • Factories Act 1856 • Factory masters could not dictate work hours

  9. Primary source analysis • Read the document on page 148 • Answer questions 1-3

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