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The Effect of Amount of Sunlight on the Height of Plants

This guide explains how to write scientific statements using independent and dependent variables. It provides specific examples, focusing on the effect of sunlight on plant growth. The independent variable (IV) is defined as the factor that the scientist manipulates, while the dependent variable (DV) is the factor that is measured. Correctly formulating a hypothesis involves connecting the IV and DV with a clear prediction. For instance, an appropriate hypothesis could state, "If the amount of sunlight is increased, then the height of the plant will increase."

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The Effect of Amount of Sunlight on the Height of Plants

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  1. How to Write Scientific Statements

  2. Example We Will Use • Changing the amount of sunlight changes how tall plants will grow

  3. Independent Variable - IV • The variable that “I” (the scientist) changes • Be specific • Don’t just write “sunlight” • Should be “amount of sunlight” • Include units in ( ) • How are you going to measure it? Written correctly: Amount of Sunlight (hours)

  4. Dependent Variable - DV • The variable that “depends” on the other variables • What will be measured? • Be specific • Don’t just write “how tall a plant grows” • What are you measuring? Height • Height of what? • Should be “height of plant” • Include units in ( ) • How are you going to measure it? Written correctly: Height of Plant (cm)

  5. Hypothesis • Use the IV and DV you just identified • Hypothesis is… • IF THE IV IS CHANGED, THEN THE DV WILL CHANGE. • Make sure you are specific about HOW the variables will change. What do you think will happen? Written correctly: If the amount of sunlight is increased, then the height of the plant will decrease.

  6. Title • Always capitalized like the title of a book • The Effect of IV on DV Written Correctly: The Effect of the Amount of Sunlight on the Height of Plants

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