1 / 80

Viral Exanthems in Children

matsu
Download Presentation

Viral Exanthems in Children

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

    1. Viral Exanthems in Children Robert Hayman, MD Assistant Clinical Professor Department of Dermatology SUNY Stony Brook

    2. Viral Exanthem Any cutaneous eruption associated with an acute viral syndrome Enanthem?mucosa involved

    3. Measles Fever “Three C’s”?-Cough -Coryza -Conjunctivitis Maculopapular rash Koplik spots

    8. Measles Blotchy erythema Discrete?confluent macules/papules Forehead/postauricular?trunk/extremities Spreads head to toe

    9. Measles RNA Virus Morbillivirus genus Paramyxoviridae family

    10. Measles Incubation 8-14 days Prodome 3-5 days Transmission via direct contact>airborne

    11. Measles Complications -otitis media -pneumonia -croup -encephalitis

    12. Measles Diagnosis?IgM antibody

    13. Measles Treatment: -Vitamin A

    14. Measles Prevention: -Vaccination

    16. Rubella Mild illness Few or no prodrome symptoms Up to 50% asymptomatic Usually afebrile

    17. Rubella Lymphadenopathy (Suboccipital/postauricular) Faint pink?erythematous macular eruption Face?trunk?proximal extremities Palatal enanthem

    21. Rubella Older child/adolescent: -fever -arthritis

    22. Congenital Rubella Acquired 1st trimester Thrombocytopenia?petechiae/purpura “Blueberry muffin” lesions Deafness Heart defects

    24. Rubella RNA Virus Rubivirus Togaviridae family Transmission via direct/droplet contact

    25. Rubella Incubation 14-23 days

    26. Rubella Complications: -Thrombocytopenia -Encephalitis

    27. Rubella Diagnosis?IgM antibody

    28. Rubella Treatment: -Supportive care

    29. Rubella Prevention: -Vaccination

    31. Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum) Mild illness “Slapped cheeks” Lacy/reticulate erythema Extremities>trunk No mucosal lesions

    39. Fifth Disease DNA Virus Parvovirus B19 Transmission via direct contact

    40. Fifth Disease Incubation 4-21 days

    41. Fifth Disease Complications: -Arthalgia/arthritis <10%

    42. Fifth Disease Precautions: -Pregnant women -Immunusuppressed patients -Chronic hemolytic anemia (ie. Sickle cell anemia)

    43. Fifth Disease Diagnosis?IgM antibody

    44. Fifth Disease Self-limited Asymptomatic “Recurrences” ?heat,exercise,sun

    47. Roseola (Exanthem Subitum) Children <2 years old High fever (>39.5 C or >103 F) x 2-3days No focal signs of infection

    48. Roseola Defervescence?then rash Transient eruption (hours?days)

    51. Roseola DNA Virus HHV-6 and HHV-7 Transmission via secretions

    52. Roseola HHV-6 incubation 9-10 days

    53. Roseola Complication: -Febrile seizure

    54. Roseola Diagnosis?clinical

    55. Roseola Treatment?supportive care

    57. Varicella(Chickenpox) Fever Crops of skin lesions Erythematous macules?papules?vesicles Crusted lesions?erosions Mucous membranes

    63. Varicella DNA virus HHV-3 Incubation 7-27 days Transmission via direct contact/airborne

    64. Varicella Complications: -Secondary bacterial infection -Pneumonia -Encephalitis

    65. Varicella Diagnosis: -Direct fluorescent antibody -Viral culture

    66. Varicella Treatment: -Oatmeal baths -Antihistamines -Oral/IV acyclovir

    67. Varicella Prevention: -Vaccination

    69. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Coxsackie infection

    70. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Afebrile Well-appearing child

    71. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Discrete lesions Erythematous macules/papules? Round/oval shallow vesicles Hands/feet/buttocks

    77. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease RNA nonpolio enterovirus Coxsackie A16 and enterovirus 71 Incubation 3-6 days Transmission via direct contact

    78. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Diagnosis?clinical

    79. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Treatment: supportive care

More Related