Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Considerations on High-data-rate In-body communications for WBAN] Date Submitted: [ 14 July, 2008] Source: [Dong Kyoo Kim, and Hyung Soo Lee] Company [ETRI] Contact: Dong Kyoo Kim, ETRI, Korea Voice:[+82 42-860-5620], FAX: [+82 42-860-5218], E-Mail:[kdk3606@etri.re.kr] Re: [n/a] Abstract:[Presentation on high-data-rate in-body communications for WBAN] Purpose: [To discuss what is considered about high-data-rate in-body communications for WBAN] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

2. 7/14/2008 Considerations on High-data-rate In-body communications for WBAN Dong Kyoo Kim, and Hyungsoo Lee ETRI Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

3. Contents • Introduction • Considerations on In-body High-data-rate communication such as Data rate and others • Data rate • Power consumption • Frequency band • Transmission structure • Summary Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

4. Introduction • Implantable(or In-body) BAN communications • Low-data-rate: eg) Pacemaker, … • High-data-rate: eg) Capsule endoscope, … • Capsule endoscope: Typical example Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

5. Data rate • Meaning of ‘up to 10Mbps’ for implantable high-data-rate BAN • Compressive images • MPEG2 SD 720i: 6Mbps • MPEG2 SD 640i: 2.8Mbps * • Non-compressive images • 320X240, 9bits, 14fps: 9.68Mbps • 640X480, 12bits, 2fps: 7.37Mbps • 240X240, 12bits, 2fps: 1.32Mbps • 10Mbps is enough for in-body high-data-rate BAN? • May enough for data rate (Application-layer, or MAC layer) • May not enough for raw data rate (PHY-layer) * Capsule endoscope using an implant WBAN, Kenichi Takizawa1, NICT, IEEE 802.15-08-0154-00-0006 Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

6. Power consumption • Power system in implantable BAN • Small size • Low power supply • Power sources • Wireless power transmission, Power harvest, … • Small-sized battery • Example: Silver-Oxide battery for Capsule endoscope • Size: around 10mm (diameter), from 1mm to 10mm(height) • Capacity: various (under 1mA or over 200mA, depends on battery size) • It is hard to use more than 150mW as far as I know • To make it worse, capsule endo. consists of power hungry components such as image sensor, white LEDs, … • PHY and MAC should consider this power system characteristics Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

7. Frequency band • Dedicated frequency allocation: ? • Typical unlicensed transmission: ISM • 960MHz / 2.4GHz / 5GHz (EIRP depends on region) • IEEE802.15.4a Sub-GHz band: UWB • 250MHz ~ 750MHz (with -41.3dBm/MHz EIRP) • Unlicensed low-power transmission: Korea/Japan • ~ 322MHz (with -41.3dBm/MHz EIRP) 250 322 750 902 928 2400 2450 5725 5875 Frequency (MHz): ISM: 36dBm 36dBm 36dBm IEEE802.15.4a Sub-GHz band: -41.3dBm/MHz Low-power Transmission (Korea/Japan): -41.3dBm /MHz Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

8. Frequency band • Possible channel plan • Each channel bandwidth is different from others • More clever way? 260 320 405 495 540 660 60MHz 90MHz 120MHz IEEE802.15.4a Sub-GHz band(USA/Europe) Low-power Transmission(Korea/Japan) 60MHz Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

9. Frequency band Distance: 15cm (body)* 100 450MHz • Pros • Not-bad transmission loss due to body • Wide bandwidth • Unlicensed • Cons • Coexistence problem • Others ? 90 Total Loss 80 70 60 Radiation Loss 50 안테나손실 Loss (dB) 40 Attenuation Loss 30 Ant Loss 20 10 0 2 .01 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 Freq.(GHz) • J. Ryu et al, “Low Power OOK Transmitter for wireless capsule endoscope,” IEEE/MTT-S International, pp. 855-858 Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

10. Transmission Structure • Link symmetry (Up-link and Down-link) • Symmetric: Two links have the same spec • Asymmetric: Two links have different specs (usually, today’s comm.) • Duplex • FDD: No switch over, apt for links with diff freq (old-fashioned, voice only) • TDD: strong adv. when data rate varying, complex control circuits, apt for links with same freq (most legacy data comm.) • Network • Peer-to-peer • Networked (more than 2 devices): relaxation of node’s capability, or extend comm. distance and etc… Up-link: High-data-rate (Images,…) Sink Node Down-link: Spontaneous transmission (Control,…) • Dev outside body • Non-strict Power limit • Non-strict size limit • No limit of using available • high-tech algorithms • Implantable dev • Low Power • Small size • Not-enough EIRP Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

11. Transmission Structure • Modulation: Low power and high-data-rate enabled. • Single-carrier, multi-carrier • OOK, FSK, PSK, QAM, and etc… • Required BER • 10-8 for video • 10-4 for audio • Other services • Channel coding • Convolutional • RS • Turbo, LDPC, and etc… Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

12. Transmission Structure • Our preference • Up-link(Sub-GHz), Down-link(MICS, MedRadio) • Link: Asymmetric • Duplex: FDD • Network: Relay device Out-body, Air In-body Up-link: High-data-rate (10Mbps) Node Sink Down-link: Low-data-rate (MICS,MedRadio) • Implantable dev • Low Power • Small size • Not-enough EIRP • Dev outside body • Non-strict Power limit • Non-strict size limit • No limit of using available • high-tech algorithms Relay • Relaying dev • Non-strict power limit • Non-strict size limit • Relaying data and messages … Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI

13. Summary • Discussed considerations • Data rate • Power consumption • Frequency band • Transmission structure • Important factors • Spatial efficiency (circuit complexity) • Power efficiency • Latency • Interference • Etc… • Comments and Q&A? Dong Kyoo Kim et al., ETRI