Treaty of Fontainebleau and the Fall of Napoleon: A Historical Analysis

1. TREATY OF FONTAINEBLEAU JEREMY BENNIE & EDDIE KRAHE

2. A LITTLE HISTORY Napoleon & France Nappy had been ruling for ~10 years • Napoleon just invaded Russia and FAILED • For many reasons, it was a HORRIBLE IDEA • European powers grouped together to attack and dethrone a weakened Napoleon • Coalition of powers – Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, Russia, Sweden, German states • Following conflict called War of the Sixth Coalition •

3. A LITTLE HISTORY The Attack • …didn’t take long. France quickly overwhelmed. • Coalition won in the Battle of Paris • • Coalition, led by Emperor Alexander, proposed a treaty… this became the Treaty of Fontainebleau

4. THE TREATY Items: The New Regime of France • • Napoleon’s Title • Napoleon’s Exile • Napoleon’s Money & Property • Napoleon’s Guards Prisoners of War •

5. NEW REGIME OF FRANCE Coalition – 40 points • Alexander said this is the main goal of the Coalition. They weren’t about to let Napoleon stay in power. Napoleon – 30 points • Really wanted to keep his power, but his was willing to make some sacrifices for the French people.

6. NAPOLEON’S TITLE Coalition – 9 points • While they didn’t really care about Napoleon’s title as Emperor, it would be kind of insulting for him to keep this. • Also, keeping the title of emperor gives him some de facto power. Napoleon – 25 points • “Power is my mistress,” says Napoleon. He is somewhat obsessed with his power and really wants to keep his title— it’s important to him.

7. NAPOLEON’S EXILE Coalition – 25 points • Another major condition for the Coalition. • If Napoleon stays in France, they believe there is NO DOUBT he will try to seize power again (and succeed in doing so) Napoleon – 5 points • Exile is a step up from what has happened to France’s previous dethroned rulers  GUILLOTINE. • He can settle for exil (besides he can get back… and DOES!)

8. NAPOLEON’S MONEY & PROPERTY Coalition – 5 points • Wants to keep Napoleon from having the resources to return to power, but cares more about other items. Napoleon – 5 points • Wants to keep resources for the support of his family but also values other items more and is willing to sacrifice for France.

9. NAPOLEON’S GUARDS Coalition – 20 points • Very afraid of Napoleon returning to power. Guards, combined with Jacobin support in Italy, could help Napoleon make a comeback. Napoleon – 15 points • Wants troops to protect himself and his family. Feared that people would be after him (and they were—attempts were made on his life en route to Elba).

10. PRISONERS OF WAR Coalition – 1 points • This was of very little importance to them. There were very few prisoners of war, for the French had been defeated so decidedly. Napoleon – 20 points • Surprisingly important to Napoleon, who wanted to maintain his image in the eyes of the French people and not be seen as a villain.

11. ADJUSTED WINNER PROTOCOL Item Napoleon’s Valuation Coalition’s Valuation New Regime 30 40 Titles 25 9 Exile 5 25 Money & Property 5 5 Guards 15 20 Prisoners of War 20 1

12. ADJUSTED WINNER PROTOCOL Item Napoleon’s Valuation Coalition’s Valuation New Regime 30 40 Titles 25 9 Exile 5 25 Money & Property 5 5 Guards 15 20 Prisoners of War 20 1 TOTAL 50 85

13. A QUICK CALCULATION Choose Guards 50 + 15x = 85 – 20x 35 = 35x x = 1 Napoleon gets all of Guards

14. ADJUSTED WINNER PROTOCOL Item Napoleon’s Valuation Coalition’s Valuation New Regime 30 40 Titles 25 9 Exile 5 25 Money & Property 5 5 Guards 15 20 Prisoners of War 20 1 TOTAL 65 65

15. AWP vs. REALITY Only two items were different: Money & Property • AWP – Napoleon kept all Reality – Napoleon sacrificed nearly all Guards • • • AWP – Napoleon kept all Reality – Napoleon kept very few • • MAIN POINT – Napoleon lost a lot more in reality • WHY? •

16. LET’S CHANGE THE GAME Is it realistic for the Coalition and France to split 1:1? NO!!! France had already lost the war • The Coalition had a HUGE upper hand • Is 2:1 more appropriate? • Let’s find out!

17. MODIFIED ADJUSTED WINNER PROTOCOL Item Napoleon’s Valuation Coalition’s Valuation New Regime 30 40 Titles 25 9 Exile 5 25 Money & Property 5 5 Guards 15 20 Prisoners of War 20 1

18. MODIFIED ADJUSTED WINNER PROTOCOL Item Napoleon’s Valuation Coalition’s Valuation New Regime 30 40 Titles 25 9 Exile 5 25 Money & Property 5 5 Guards 15 20 Prisoners of War 20 1 TOTAL 50 85

19. A QUICK CALCULATION Choose Money & Property 2 (50 – 5x) = 85 + 5x 100 – 10x = 85 + 5x 15 = 15x 1 = x Napoleon loses all of his Money & Property

20. MODIFIED ADJUSTED WINNER PROTOCOL Item Napoleon’s Valuation Coalition’s Valuation New Regime 30 40 Titles 25 9 Exile 5 25 Money & Property 5 5 Guards 15 20 Prisoners of War 20 1 TOTAL 45 90

21. MODIFIED AWP vs. REALITY Only two items were different: Money & Property • Modified AWP – Napoleon lost all Reality – Napoleon lost nearly all Guards • • • Modified AWP – Napoleon lost all Reality – Napoleon lost nearly all • • MAIN POINT – Much closer using modified AWP • Coalition was at an advantage •

22. WORKS CITED Agathon-Jean-François baron Fain. The Manuscript of 1814: A History of Events which Led to the Abdication of Napoleon. • Alison, Sir Archibald. History of Europe from the Commencement of the French Revolution to the Restoration of the Bourbons in 1815. • Fontainebleau, Treaty of. In The Companion to British History, Routledge. • Johnston, R. M. The Corsican: A Diary of Napoleon's Life in His Own Words. • Lamartine, Alphonse de. The History of the Restoration of Monarchy in France. • “Treaty of Fountainebleau.” en.wikipedia.org/Treaty_of_Fountainebleau_(1814). •