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Chapter 9 Nuclear Radiation

Chapter 9 Nuclear Radiation. 9.1 Natural Radioactivity. Radioactive Isotopes. A radioactive isotope has an unstable nucleus. emits radiation to become more stable. can be one or more of the isotopes of an element. Nuclear Radiation. Nuclear radiation

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Chapter 9 Nuclear Radiation

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  1. Chapter 9 Nuclear Radiation 9.1 Natural Radioactivity

  2. Radioactive Isotopes A radioactive isotope • has an unstable nucleus. • emits radiation to become more stable. • can be one or more of the isotopes of an element

  3. Nuclear Radiation Nuclear radiation • is the radiation emitted by an unstable atom. • takes the form of alpha particles, neutrons, beta particles, positrons, or gamma rays.

  4. Types of Radiation Alpha () particle is two protons and two neutrons Beta () particle is a high-energy electron 0e -1 Positron (+) is a positive electron 0e +1 Gamma ray is high-energy released from a nucleus 

  5. Radiation Protection Radiation protection requires • paper and clothing for alpha particles. • a lab coat or gloves for beta particles. • a lead shield or a thick concrete wall for gamma rays. • limiting the amount of time spent near a radioactive source . • increasing the distance from the source.

  6. Shielding for Radiation Protection

  7. Radiation Exposure • Background Exposure • Consumer and natural sources such as cosmic rays and radon • Biological Effects of Radiation • Ionizing radiation can lead to damage in both body cells (somatic damage) and reproductive cells (genetic damage). • The penetrating power of the types of radiation follows the general trend: • gamma rays > beta particles > alpha particles

  8. Sources of radiation

  9. Means and result of radon exposure

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