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Aeronautical Decision Making

Aeronautical Decision Making. Robert Jex Pan Am Int’l Flight Academy. What is ADM?. The systematic approach to the mental process pilots use to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances. Systematic = Consistent!. References:.

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Aeronautical Decision Making

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  1. Aeronautical Decision Making Robert Jex Pan Am Int’l Flight Academy

  2. What is ADM? • The systematic approach to the mental process pilots use to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances. • Systematic=Consistent!

  3. References: • Aviation Instructor’s Handbook • Airplane Flying Handbook • Instrument Flying Handbook • 2003 Pilot’s Hdbk. Of Aero. Knowledge • AC 60-22: Aeronautical Decision Making • Jeppesen Flight Instructor Manual • King Schools Practical Risk Mgmt. course

  4. Favorite Aviation Quotes, Part 1: • “A superior pilot uses his superior judgment to avoid situations requiring his superior skill.”

  5. Why teach ADM? • All flying involves risk. • ADM is a tool to manage those risks. • ADM helps prevent accidents!

  6. “Risk Elements” in ADM • Pilot • Aircraft • Environment • Mission

  7. Situational Awareness (“SA”) • The accurate perception and understanding of all the factors and conditions within the four risk elements that affect safety before, during, and after the flight. • Situational Awareness is critical in ADM!

  8. Favorite Aviation Quotes, Part 2: • “Never allow your aircraft to go to a place your mind didn’t go to five minutes earlier.”

  9. Favorite Aviation Quotes, Part 3: • “If, in an airplane, you ever wonder where you are, the answer is that you are in the wrong place.” - Richard Collins

  10. Human factors in accidents • Up to 75% of aviation accidents are in some way related to human factors. • Many accidents stem from a chain of events. • Break a link anywhere in the chain and you’ll prevent the accident.

  11. Hazardous Attitudes • Anti-authority • Antidote: Follow the rules! • Impulsivity • Antidote: Think first! • Invulnerability • Antidote: “It could happen to me” • Macho • Antidote: Taking chances is foolish • Resignation • Antidote: I can make a difference here!

  12. “DECIDE” model • Detect • Observe a change possibly requiring pilot action • Estimate • Look at the need to address this change • Choose • Visualize a desireable outcome • Identify • Which actions will successfully control the change? • Do • Take action! • Evaluate • Check the results of the action; repeat above steps

  13. Teaching ADM • Risk Elements • Accounting for Human Factors • Operational Pitfalls (Temptations, Errors) • Responsibility of the PIC • Scenarios

  14. ADM Scenarios • Trainee briefs wx; Preliminary Go/No-Go • Trainee briefs lesson & backup plans • CFI places bolt on ground near a/c… • Diversion/Lost scenario • Simulated impending systems failures… • Others???

  15. Summary • ADM is a risk management tool • SA is a key ingredient • Accidents often stem from human factors, including hazardous attitudes • Accidents usually from a chain of events • ADM is repetitive, info-based process • CFI’s should teach and evaluate ADM

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