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Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology. ANATOMY DEFINITIONS. MUSCLES - exert forces to create movement and to hold the body in various positions. BONES - provide the framework to which muscles, ligaments and tendons attach. LIGAMENTS - connect bone to bone. TENDONS - attach muscle to bone.

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Anatomy and Physiology

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  1. Anatomy andPhysiology

  2. ANATOMY DEFINITIONS • MUSCLES- exert forces to create movement and to hold • the body in various positions. • BONES - provide the framework to which muscles, • ligaments and tendons attach. • LIGAMENTS - connect bone to bone. • TENDONS - attach muscle to bone. • NERVES - allow signals to be transmitted to and from • brain. • VEINS/ARTERIES (VASCULAR) - allow for proper • blood circulation.

  3. Overexertion Injury Types • Strains • Muscles • Tendons • Sprains • Ligaments • Disc / Nerve • Prolapse or herniation of disc • Sciatic nerve

  4. Common CTD’s • Tendonitis • Tenosynovitis • Trigger Finger • Epicondylitis • Thorasic Outlet Syndrome • Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

  5. Tendon & Tendon Sheaths

  6. Carpal Tunnel

  7. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

  8. Hand Nerve Patterns

  9. Common Upper Extremity Cumulative Trauma Disorders Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Rotator Cuff Tendinitis Bicipital Tenosynovitis Radial Nerve Lateral Epicondylitis Median Nerve Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Ulnar Nerve Gaylon Tunnel Syndrome

  10. Two Kinds of Back Injuries MUSCULAR SPINAL

  11. Muscular Injuries • Heal Quickly • Most muscle injuries heal within 10 days • Once Injured, can be as good as new

  12. Muscle Blood Usage Resting Dynamic Static blood flow supplied blood flow needed blood flow supplied blood flow needed blood flow needed blood flow supplied

  13. The Spine Cervical Curve Thoracic Curve Lumbar Curve

  14. Spinal Column Cervical Vertebrae L = Lumbar S = Sacrum L1 Thoracic Vertebrae L2 L3 L4 L5 S1 Lumbar Vertebrae S2 S3 S4 S5 Sacrum Coccyx

  15. The Spine Top View Side View

  16. Structure of the Spine Disc Facet Joint Soft Center Outer Ring Nerve Root Vertebrae

  17. The Spine Scar tissue from healing fractures hinders passage of nutrients to disc resulting in gradual weakening and de-generation.

  18. Spinal Discs Under Various Loads Torsion Load Normal Load Additional Load Uneven Load

  19. Disc Degeneration

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