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Workforce Development: An Analysis of Federal Workforce Policy & Recommended Engagement Strategy

For MoveOn.org. Workforce Development: An Analysis of Federal Workforce Policy & Recommended Engagement Strategy. Presented By: Ian Roth and Matthew A. Poland, Policy Consultant s K Street Ventures. Outline. Introduction and History Policy Cycles: Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA)

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Workforce Development: An Analysis of Federal Workforce Policy & Recommended Engagement Strategy

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  1. For MoveOn.org Workforce Development: An Analysis of Federal Workforce Policy & Recommended Engagement Strategy Presented By: Ian Roth and Matthew A. Poland, Policy Consultants K Street Ventures

  2. Outline • Introduction and History • Policy Cycles: • Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) • Workforce Investment Act (WIA) • Current Cycle – Formulation / Adoption • Stakeholder Analysis • Policy Theories • Engagement Strategy

  3. Introduction and History Workforce development: The coordination of public and private sector policies and programs that provides individuals with the opportunity for a sustainable livelihood and helps organizations achieve exemplary goals, consistent with the societal context. Jacobs & Hawley (n.d., p. 12) 1973 1913 1935 1933 1862

  4. Policy Cycles: JTPA (1973-1998) • Agenda Setting (1973-1978) • Evaluation of CETA • High unemployment, recession (late 70s) • Change of Presidency • Formulation (1978-1982) • CETA Reauthorization (1978) - Private Industry Councils • Stronger Business Involvement • Devolvement / Role Clarity • Adoption - 1982 • “New federalism” - Reagan • Dropped public service employment, hallmark of CETA • Switch from geography to function

  5. Policy Cycles: JTPA (1973-1998) • Implementation (1982-1984) • From geography to function • Successful in targeting low-income and unemployed (LaLonde, 1995) • Evaluation (1984-1998) • Adults received a net benefit from participating, youth did not (UW Study) • Net social benefit positive for adults, negative for youth (UW Study) • Too small of a budget to be effective (Friedlander et al., 1997) • Measures used by DOL are only weakly correlated to impact (Barnow, 2000)

  6. Policy Cycles: WIA (1982-Present) • Agenda Setting (1982-1998) • Evaluation of JTPA • Concerns about Efficiencies & Effectiveness of JTPA Programs • Change of Presidency - Reagan to Clinton • Formulation (1982-1998) • JTPA Reauthorization • Workforce Investment Boards • 5 Performance Measures - DOL negotiation with each state • One-Stop Centers • Individual Training Accounts

  7. Policy Cycles: WIA (1982-Present) • Adoption (1998) • HR 1358 • 90% Support • Implementation (1998 - Present) • Service Delivery Areas (SDAs) • Not income-based • Evaluation (1998 - Present) • 7 Key Princples • Service coordination

  8. Policy Cycle: Current (2003-present) • Agenda-setting (2003-2012) • Originally due to be reauthorized in 2003 (GAO, 2011) • Need for better funding formula for workforce services • Better performance outcomes • “Great Recession” of 2008, more job seekers looking for services • Formulation (2012 - present) • House passed the SKILLS Act in March (Supporting Knowledge & Investing in Lifelong Skills) • Further consolidation, reduction in funding - loss of $1B • No regional focus required • Cuts all youth-specific funding, programming, etc. • Primarily business-focused, diminishes educational system and CBO involvement in workforce development

  9. Policy Cycle: Current (2003-present) • Formulation (2012 - present) – cont. • Senate bill: Workforce Investment Act of 2013 • Motion filed to bring to floor, likely not until Jan • Minimal consolidation of programs • Regional focus required of local plans • Retains most youth programming and funding • Strengthens relationship of education systems and CBOs in workforce services • What’s next? • Adoption - if Senate bill passes, will go to conference committee for reconciliation (2014)

  10. Stakeholder Analysis: SKILLS Act Supporters Arguments: • Workforce development should be business-led • Workforce services need to be more efficient and streamlined Who are they? Businesses/ Employers • U.S. Chamber of Commerce • National Association of Manufacturers • National Restaurant Association • National Retail Federation Leverage: • Represent many businesses and “what is good for the economy” • Lots of $$ • Strong Washington lobbies

  11. Stakeholder Analysis: SKILLS Act Supporters • Conservative Think Tanks and General Conservative Interest Groups • Heritage Foundation • Americans for Tax Reform • The Cost of Government Center • Leverage: • Data / Research • Members to mobilize

  12. Stakeholder Analysis - WIA 2013 Supporters (Senate) Arguments: • Workforce services need to be more efficient and streamlined • Strengthening workforce investment system accountability. • Promoting innovation and best practices within the workforce investment system. Unions: • AFL-CIO • Teachers, Engineers, Trades, Autoworkers, Steelworkers Leverage: • Representing workers &“what is good for the American worker” • Mobilizing worker membership • Strong Washington lobbies

  13. Stakeholder Analysis - WIA 2013 Supporters (Senate) Workforce Development Interest Groups: • National Skills Coalition • National Coalition for Literacy • National Youth Employment Coalition Leverage: • Representing practitioners and “what works in workforce development” • Data, best practices, on-the ground experience • Some lobbying connections

  14. Policy Theories • Incrementalism • “Muddling Through” - Lindblom • Pluralism • Dispersed Power – Dahl • Advocacy Coalition Framework • Policy Subsystems - Sabatier

  15. Engagement Strategy - MoveOn.org Goals: • Pass WIA 2013 Bill in the Senate (early 2014) • Advocate for sector-based strategy added to bill in reconciliation (early to mid-2014) • Pass reconciliation bill passage with sector-based strategy added (mid-2014) Tools: • Social Media: • Facebook • Twitter • LinkedIn • Get-Out-The-Vote • E-mails Calls to Action: • Phone calls/E-mails to Senators and Representatives • Live events • Demonstrations

  16. Engagement Strategy - MoveOn.org Steps to Success: 1. Identify target constituents and get them involved to act: • Democrats / Progressive (largely MoveOn constituents already) • Labor Unions • Workforce Development Professionals • Business Owners (currently lacking as supporters of WIA 2013/2014) 2. Create online petitions and fundraising opportunities to garner support 3. Create Campaigns to e-mail and call Representatives and Senators • Specific asks at the stages of the bills with template e-mails, call scripts & asks for $$ • Solicit funding for ads and media 4. Organize live events/rallies/house-parties/networking for publicity & fundraising 5. Explore Initiative process/get signatures on petitions to present to Legislators and media 6. Create “BUZZ” to elicit media attention and social media attention 7. Tie to other campaigns: Living Wage, Voter Registration, Statewide Election, Immigration...

  17. For MoveOn.org Workforce Development: An Analysis of Federal Workforce Policy & Recommended Engagement Strategy Presented By: Ian Roth and Matthew A. Poland, Policy Consultants K Street Ventures QUESTIONS?

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