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Unit 2: What is a Cell?

Unit 2: What is a Cell?. Cells are: different shapes and sizes. Cell Theory. All Living things are made of one or more cells. All cells come from pre-existing cells Cell reproduce Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction All cells carry out life’s activities Exchanging O2 and CO2,

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Unit 2: What is a Cell?

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  1. Unit 2:What is a Cell?

  2. Cells are: different shapes and sizes

  3. Cell Theory • All Living things are made of one or more cells. • All cells come from pre-existing cells • Cell reproduce • Asexual reproduction • Sexual reproduction • All cells carry out life’s activities • Exchanging O2 and CO2, • Producing proteins • replacing dying/dead cells

  4. Scientists and Cell Theory • Pasteur - • Redi - • Hooke - • Brown - • Schwann- • Schlieden- • Virchow- • Van Leewuenhoek- In your Groups!

  5. All cells are characterized as either: • A prokaryote (prokaryotic) Or • A Eukaryote (Eukaryotic) KNOW THESE TERMS!!

  6. A Prokaryotic Cell: • Have genetic material that is NOT contained in a nucleus • Genetic material is “floating” in the cytoplasm • Usually smaller than eukaryotic cells • Considered the earliest cells • No membrane bound organelles: nucleus, chloroplast, or mitochondria

  7. A eukaryotic cell: • Genetic material is contained within the NUCLEUS • Genetic material is separated form the rest of the cell • Can be unicellular or Multicellular

  8. Cells can be: • Unicellular – only 1 cell large • Ex’s bacteria, ameba’s, paramecia

  9. Cells can be • Multicellular – made of many cells • Can be simple organisms • or complex • Ex. Hydras and humans

  10. Parts of Cells • Cells contain many internal structures called organelles • Each organelle performs a specific function vital to life • Letters A-Q represent cell organelles

  11. Cell Organelles: • Microscopic structures that make up the cell • Each organelle performs a specific function for the cell • Ex of organelles: • nucleus • Mitochondria • Chloroplasts • Golgi bodies

  12. Differences b/w plant and animal Cell • Vacuole: • Plants have 1 large vacuole • Animal cells have multiple smaller vaculores • Chloroplasts are plants only!!! (photosynthesis) • Cell Wall found in plant cells only!! • Centrioles found in animal cells only!!! • Shape: boxy shapes = plant rounded = animal

  13. Plants vs. Animal Cells: • Plant Animal • Boxy shape roundish shape • Chloroplasts none • None Centrioles • Cell wall none • 1 large Vacuole many small vacuoles

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