Motor Learning and Control PE 712 Professor Trujillo

1. Motor Learning and ControlPE 712Professor Trujillo

2. Motor learning • A "relatively permanent" change, resulting from practice or a novel experience. • It is the result of repetition. • It often involves improving the smoothness and accuracy of movements. • Necessary for complicated movements.

3. Motor skill • A skill can be defined as “a learned, coordinated activity which achieves a goal.” • Fine or Gross: classified according to the amount of movement required to complete the skill. • Open or Closed: classified according to the environment the skills are performed in. • Discrete, continuous, or serial: classified according to whether the skill has a defined beginning and end point. • Self paced and externally paced skills: classified according to how the movement is initiated.

4. Practice • Massed: performing a skill over and over until it is achieved. • Risks: fatigue, poor technique, boredom, injury • Benefits: highly motivated, for low energy tasks & simple skills • Distributed: performing the skill with rest sessions in between until the skill is learned. • For early stages of learning, high demands, complex skills, boring task • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGDBR2L5kzI

5. Learning • Whole Learning: when the skill is taught in its entirety • Part Learning: when the skill is broken down into its associated parts or sub routines

6. Feedback • Internal: comes from internal receptors within the body • External: comes from verbal, audible, or visual sources • Knowledge of results (KR): info received about the outcome of your performance • Knowledge of performance (KP): Feedback you get about the actual performance of a skill

7. 5 D’s of COACHING • Describe • Demo • Dissect • Drill • Debrief

8. 10 Ingredients for Training the XceptionalAthlete • Neural/ Dynamic Warm up • Structure Development/ Vision • Xplosive Power and Movement • Balanced Movement • Speed, Quickness • Strength Movement • Stamina, Conditioning • Nutrition • Mindset • Flow, Spirit

9. Motor Learning Basics – 3 Stages Theory • Cognitive: • 1 – 1,000 Reps • Associative: • 1,000 – 10,000 Reps • Autonomous: • 100,000 – 300,000 Reps

10. THE TEN YEAR RULE (Dr. Balyi) • Practice with an Explicit Goal of Improving • Be Present. “In the Moment” • Welcome and Seek out Feedback • Continuous Mental Training on your Growth and Development • Deliberate Practice…ongoing focus on excellence

11. EFFICIENT TRAINING/ WINNING ENVIRONMENT • Be Present and Engaged • Fun and Exciting • Coach Perfect Form • Spinal Length with Movement • Coordinated Breathing • Tension and Relaxation • Everything Counts (SAID) • Training the Mind • Thoughts+Feeling+Action= Results • Coaching: <5 Things • BEST ENERGY for PERFORMANCE

12. ARCS Model of Motivational Design(Keller) • Attention • Perceptual arousal: surprise, uncertainty • Inquiry arousal: posing challenging questions or problems • Relevance • Relevant for them today & future • Modeling: persistence & effort • Confidence • Understand their likelihood for success • Provide objectives • Allow, encourage & reward small steps • Provide feedback • Allow control • Satisfaction • Learning must offer a reward (internal or external) • Create connection with the “real world” not just training world • Feedback and reinforcement