A PowerPoint Presentation Presented by Kenya L. Young August 8, 2010

1. Fun Fruit Nutrition The Guide July-2010 Improving the Nutritional Environment in Primary and Secondary Schools in Prince George’s County Maryland A PowerPoint Presentation Presented by Kenya L. Young August 8, 2010

2. OBJECTIVE To help combat childhood obesity, is imperative for parents, school board members, as well as state and local health departments to take action in implementing effective measures that could be used in creating a healthy nutritional environment for our youth. While we all can take a stand in making a difference, it is essential for one to see the critical role that schools have in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. Today I will discuss the much needed change in the nutritional environment of both primary and secondary schools.

3. Outline Fun Fruit Nutrition

4. Obesity is a terminology that is often used to define the presence of excess adipose tissue. While there are several measures that can be used for diagnoses, the most common used method is Body Mass Index (BMI). With Adipose tissue being primarily responsible for secreting a number of products such as lipids, metabolites, and cytokines, one must note that excess adipose tissue could result in harmful affects to one’s health The Obesity Society. (2010). What is Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.obesity.org/information/what_is_obesity.asp What Is Obesity? Fun Fruit Nutrition

5. Being obese causes one to have too much body fat that their health becomes at risk Overweight and obesity are both terminologies used to define weight that is greater than what it should be Overweight and obesity can also be used to distinguish levels of weight that have the probability of increasing the onset of diseases and illnesses For children and teens, obesity is diagnosed after calculating the BMI and plotting it on the CDC BMI-for-age growth charts for either boys or girls. A percentile ranking is then attained, allowing healthcare providers to determine the weight status of the evaluated child. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Defining Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/defining.html Obesity Cont. Fun Fruit Nutrition Obesity Overview

6. The attached graph displays sample calculations of BMI numbers and results for a ten year old boy. Weight Status Category Percentile Range Underweight Less than the 5th percentile Healthy weight 5th percentile to less than the 85th Overweight 85th to less than the 95th percentile Obese Equal to or greater than the 95th Percent. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). About BMI for Children and Teens. Retrieved from http: //www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/childrens _bmi/about_childrens_bmi.html Sample BMI Calculations Fun Fruit Nutrition

7. Childhood Obesity Fun Fruit Nutrition Obesity is caused by a caloric imbalance and is stipulated by genetic, behavioral and environmental factors. Obese youth are more susceptible to cardiovascular disease Bone and joint complications, sleep apnea, and social and psychological problems are all risk factors for children and adolescents who are obese Obese youth are more prone to becoming overweight adults, resulting in increased risks for adult health problems such as stroke, type 2 diabetes, and various forms of cancer Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Childhood Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/

8. Alarming Trends Obesity rates are drastically increasing Desirable physical activity levels are not being met Increased intake of foods that are high in fat Adult diseases are developing in children who are obese World Health Organization. (2010). Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/chilhood/en/

9. Statistical Data The Maryland Youth Tobacco survey discovered that adolescents ages 13-18 years of age have a 11% obesity rate and a 15% overweight rate The Maryland Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance found that children between the ages of 2-5 years who were in the WIC Program had a15% obesity rate and a 18% overweight rate Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. (n.d.). Prevalence of Childhood Obesity, Nationwide: Data. Retrieved from http://fha.maryland.gov/cdp/co_data.cfm

10. Promoting Healthy Youth Healthy lifestyle habits, such as healthy eating and physical activity, can lower the risk of becoming obese and developing associated diseases Minimize restaurant and fast food dining Engage in family meals Limit television viewing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Childhood Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/index.htm

11. Changing The Nutritional Environment in Primary and Secondary Schools Schools Can Make A Difference Nutrition and physical activity are essential factors for students Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Addressing Childhood Obesity Through Nutition and Physical Activity: CDC’s Division of Adolescent & School Health. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/pdf/addressing_obesity.pdf

12. The Role of Schools in Confronting Childhood Obesity The physical activity and eating behaviors that affect weight are influenced by several sectors of society such as the media, schools, faith-based institutions etc. The involvement of influenced sectors could greatly aid in reversing the epidemic Wechsler, H., Mckenna, M., Lee, S., & Dietz, W. (2004). Childhood Obsesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf

13. The Role of Schools Schools can not achieve their primary mission of education if students are not physically, mentally, socially fit and healthy Less emphasis have been placed on a healthy mind and body Wechsler, H., Mckenna, M., Lee, S., & Dietz,W. (2004). Childhood Obsesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf The National Association of State Boards of Education have realized that health and success within schools are interrelated It is imperative for educators, policy makers, and schools to contribute to the obesity epidemic

14. Why Do Schools Play such a Huge Role? Over 95% of our youth are enrolled in schools Promotion of physical activity and healthy eating have always been a fundamental component of the American educational experience Studies have shown that well-designed school programs that are implemented can effectively promote the need for physical activity and healthy eating. Physical activity, good nutrition, physical education and nutrition programs have a huge impact on academic performance Wechsler, H., Mckenna, M., Lee, S., & Dietz,W. (2004). Childhood Obsesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf

15. What Can Schools Do ? Improve the school’s nutritional environment

16. Healthy Nutritional Environment A healthy school nutritional environment places emphasis on teaching and promoting physical activity and nutrition within classrooms and lunch rooms A healthy nutritional environment can provide positive health messages to students Wechsler, H., Mckenna, M., Lee, S., & Dietz,W. (2004). Childhood Obsesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf

17. CDC’s Published Guidelines That Identify Effective School Policies Health Education Physical Education Health Services Nutrition Services Counseling Psychological and Social Services Healthy School Environment Family and Community Involvement Health Promotion for Staff Wechsler, H., Mckenna, M., Lee, S., & Dietz,W. (2004). Childhood Obsesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf

18. Health Policies for School In providing health policies and messages, the lifestyle choices of students would not only be taught in the classroom, but in the environment of each school day

19. Conclusion The childhood obesity epidemic has grown to become one of the most prevalent public health crisis. Without strong emphasis and contributions from schools, the epidemic is less likely to change. Wechsler, H., Mckenna, M., Lee, S., & Dietz,W. (2004). Childhood Obsesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf

20. Lets Step Up and Meet The Challenge

21. Closing Statements Although our journey is just beginning, together we can make a difference in promoting the quality of life and health in children Thank you

22. References The Obesity Society. (2010). What is Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.obesity.org/information/what_is_obesity.asp Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Defining Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/defining.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). About BMI for Children and Teens. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/childrens _bmi/about_childrens_bmi.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Childhood Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/ World Health Organization. (2010). Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/chilhood/en Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. (n.d.). Prevalence of Childhood Obesity, Nationwide: Data. Retrieved from http://fha.maryland.gov/cdp/co_data.cfm Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Addressing Childhood Obesity Through Nutrition and Physical Activity: CDC’s Division of Adolescent & School Health. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/pdf/addressing_obesity Wechsler, H., Mckenna, M., Lee, S., & Dietz, W. (2004). Childhood Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf