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METABOLISM

METABOLISM. AKA…..Cellular Activity. What do cells do?. Cells do everything needed to keep you alive! Make products Produce wastes Make energy**. Cellular Respiration. NRG nutrients+0 2  ATP , heat , CO 2 + H 2 O Energy Transfer solar --> food -->

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METABOLISM

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  1. METABOLISM AKA…..Cellular Activity

  2. What do cells do? • Cells do everything needed to keep you alive! • Make products • Produce wastes • Make energy**

  3. Cellular Respiration NRG nutrients+02 ATP, heat, CO2 + H2O Energy Transfer solar --> food --> chemical (ATP) --> mechanical/electrical/heat

  4. Body Fuels Identify: • Fuels of the body • Preferred body fuels • Form of each fuel the cell uses to make ATP • Last resort fuel of the body. Why a last resort? • Caloric value of each fuel • Reserve form of our body fuel Calculate: • Caloric value of 1# (454g) body fat

  5. Fuel Value and Weight What daily Calorie deficit is required to lose 1#/wk? 5#/wk? Are these realistic goals?

  6. Energy Balance

  7. Fuel Use Overview Glucose Limited supply Spares protein from use as a fuel Required for efficient fat oxidation *Oxygen NOT required for ATP production Fat Abundant supply Without glucose present ketones produced *Oxygen required for ATP production

  8. Metabolism of Feasting Nutrient  Broken down to  Excess stored as CHO Glucose liver/muscle glycogen; fat Fat Fatty Acids fat Protein AA (first used fat to replace body N into urine protein)

  9. Overnight (short term) Fast Storage used broken down used for to Liver (and some glucose brain & Muscle) glycogen body nrg Body fat stores fatty acids nrg NO storage depot of PROTEIN! Little used in short term fast cuz CHO still available; so fat still efficiently used

  10. Long Term Fast(glycogen depleted) Body Broken down Used for: Component:to: Protein some AA Glucosebrain & body nrg some AA Ketones body & brain nrg Fat Fatty Acids Ketones  brain & body nrg CHO no longer available…trouble!!!!! Ketosis occurs

  11. Ketosis • Inefficient use of fat as a fuel • Takes place when Carbs are unavailable • Occurs when: • Hi Fat, Hi Protein, No Carb diet • Overt starvation • Uncontrolled diabetes • Undesirable

  12. Bottomline • Do not eliminate entire food groups. • Eat a variety of food in moderation. • Live an active life. • Eat food. Not too much. Mostly plants.

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