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Swine Notes

Swine Notes. Scientific Name – Sus scrofa Other common names – swine, porcine Monogastric Digestive System (single stomach) Boar – male pig Sow – mature female after she has given birth Litter Size 8-12 Gilt – immature female pig Barrow – castrated male pig Piglet – baby pig.

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Swine Notes

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  1. Swine Notes • Scientific Name – Susscrofa • Other common names – swine, porcine • Monogastric Digestive System (single stomach) • Boar – male pig • Sow – mature female after she has given birth • Litter Size 8-12 • Gilt – immature female pig • Barrow – castrated male pig • Piglet – baby pig

  2. Swine Notes • Gestation – 114-(118 days) – 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days • Estrus Cycle – 21 days • Body Temperature – 102 degrees farenheit • Lactation – (21)-28 days • Farrowing – sow giving birth (parturition) • Average Daily Gain – approximately 2 lbs. per day. (gilts 1.7 – barrows 1.8+) • Feeder Pig – 50-60 lb pig ready to move into the finishing phase.

  3. Swine Notes • Condition – measurement of body fat on breeding stock animals • Finish – measurement of body fat on market animals (typically measured between the 12th and 13th rib – called backfat) • Ideal backfat on a market hog is ½ inch • Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS) – genetic condition that results in pigs that are very easily stressed sometimes even to the point of death • PSE – Pale, Soft and Exudative – condition of meat from swine that have been stressed shortly prior to slaughter.

  4. Swine Notes • Paternal traits (father, sire, terminal) • Fast growth rate • Heavy muscling • Efficient Feed Conversion • Maternal traits • Large litter size (prolific) • Heavy milk production • Strong mothering instincts (docile)

  5. Swine Review cont. • Diagrams • Parts (27) • Bones (24) • Wholesale Cuts (5) • Ear Notching (10)

  6. Swine Review • How would piglets behave on a sow with lactation failure? • What are the two leading countries of pork production? • Who is the leading country of pork consumption per capita? • What are two reasons a producer should clip needle teeth? • What are three things that a producer “should” during piglet processing? • What are a couple of congenital defects seen in piglets?

  7. Swine Review • What age do gilts reach puberty? • What width should an ally be to move pigs? • What weight would be considered underweight and disadvantaged at birth? • Why is it important to examine the scrotum before castration? (two reason) • When should boars be castrated? • What is the average neonatal mortality? • Define neonatal • Define congenital defect

  8. Swine Review • Define the term cryptorchid • What should be done with piglets that are splay legged both front and rear? • What tools are required to process piglets? • What tool is helpful when moving hogs? • What temperature should it be in the farrowing room? • What tool can be used to restrain a pig? • Name three ways a piglet would be considered disadvantaged?

  9. Swine Review • What disease of piglets is caused by a Staph infection? • What are important characteristics to evaluate when selecting replacement gilts. • List and describe the three phases of the swine industry. • Name two ways that a producer can help make sure colostrum is more evenly available to all piglets. • What are the two leading causes of piglet mortality?

  10. Swine Review • Explain how the feeding systems of a gestating sow and a market hog are different and why? • Explain what PEDv is and its current impact on the swine industry.

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