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Outlines on Classical Condition, Operant Conditioning & Punishment

Outlines on Classical Condition, Operant Conditioning & Punishment. Carolyn R. Fallahi, Ph. D. Classical Conditioning. Pavlovian Conditioning UCS (food in mouth) ------------- UCR NS (bowl) -------------------------- NO SALIVATION NS + UCS (food in mouth) ------ SALIVATION

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Outlines on Classical Condition, Operant Conditioning & Punishment

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  1. Outlines on Classical Condition, Operant Conditioning & Punishment Carolyn R. Fallahi, Ph. D.

  2. Classical Conditioning • Pavlovian Conditioning UCS (food in mouth) ------------- UCR NS (bowl) -------------------------- NO SALIVATION NS + UCS (food in mouth) ------ SALIVATION CS (bowl) -------------------------- CR (salivation)

  3. John Watson • Little Albert experiment • Issue – biology makes a difference

  4. Terms In Classical Conditioning • Extinction • Spontaneous Recovery • Generalization • Discrimination

  5. Taste Aversion • A form of Classical Conditioning • Example • Biological predisposition to Classical Conditioning (Watson, 1924) • Unfamiliar taste – delayed illness – avoidance • Familiar taste & unfamiliar shape = delayed illness – no avoidance

  6. Application of Pavlov – Pavlov’s Legacy • Advertisement • Politicians • TV weather forecasters!

  7. Reinforcement Principles • Positive Reinforcement • Negative Reinforcement • Escape conditioning • Avoidance Conditioning

  8. Punishment – does it work? • The Dangers of Punishment • Reinforcing to the punisher • Generalized inhibiting effect • We dislike the punisher • What about teaching? • The criticism trap • The use of aversives • B. F. Skinner’s view

  9. Operant Conditoning • Behaviorism • B. F. Skinner (1904-1990) • Law of Effect (Thorndike)

  10. Operant Conditioning • The Skinner Box • Shaping • Reinforcement • Discrimination • Generalization • Extinction • Spontaneous Recovery

  11. Schedules of Reinforcement • Primary reinforcement • Secondary reinforcement • Fixed Ratio • Fixed Interval • Variable Ratio • Variable Interval

  12. Bandura & Violence on T.V. • Modeling • Who are we likely to imitate? graphics8.nytimes.com/.../posts/0115bobo.jpg

  13. Seligman • Learned Helplessness = link to depression? • Learned Optimism Worth Publishers

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