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UNIT 4 Chapter 20 – Postwar Social Change Chapter 21 – Politics and Prosperity

UNIT 4 Chapter 20 – Postwar Social Change Chapter 21 – Politics and Prosperity . THE ROARIN 20’s. Presidents of the United States. #21 - … Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881) Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884) Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888) Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)

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UNIT 4 Chapter 20 – Postwar Social Change Chapter 21 – Politics and Prosperity

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  1. UNIT 4Chapter 20 – Postwar Social ChangeChapter 21 – Politics and Prosperity THE ROARIN 20’s

  2. Presidents of the United States • #21 - … • Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881) • Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884) • Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888) • Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892) • William McKinley; Republican (1896) • Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901) • William Howard Taft; Republican (1908) • Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1912) • Warren G. Harding; Republican (1920) • Calvin Coolidge; Republican (1923) • Herbert Hoover; Republican (1928) George Washington; Federalist (1788) John Adams; Federalist (1796) Thomas Jefferson (1800) James Madison (1808) James Monroe (1816) John Quincy Adams (1824) Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828) Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836) William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840) John Tyler; Whig (1841) James K. Polk; Democrat (1844) Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848) Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850) Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852) James Buchanan; Democrat (1856) Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860) Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865) Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868) Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876) James Garfield; Republican (1880)

  3. OBJECTIVES • CORE OBJECTIVE: Explain the social, political, and economic impacts on the United States after World War I. • Objective 5.4: What events fueled the Red Scare in the early 1920’s? • Objective 5.5: How did Republican Presidential policies shape the economics of the decade? • Objective 5.6: How did industrial growth affect the economy of the 1920’s? • THEME:

  4. America: Pathways to the Present Chapter 21 Politics and Prosperity (1920–1929)

  5. America: Pathways to the Present Chapter 21: Politics and Prosperity (1920–1929) Section 1: A Republican Decade Section 2: A Business Boom Section 3: The Economy in the Late 1920s

  6. CHAPTER 21 Section 1: A Republican Decade

  7. RETURN TO NORMALCY • Issues of concern in the presidential election of 1920: • Emerging from the shadow of World War I • Putting the economy back on track • Republican Warren G. Harding called for a return to “normalcy.” • Many Americans hoped that Harding’s “normalcy” would protect them from the spread of Russia’s communism • an ideology openly hostile to capitalism • Needs of country above individual rights • Government owns means of production, equal pay for all • Single party in power WRITE THIS DOWN!

  8. RED SCARE EVENTS WRITE THIS DOWN! • Events at home and abroad brought about a Red Scare: • an intense fear of communism and other radical ideas. • Schenckv. U.S. – govt. overthrow publications • The Palmer Raids – A. Mitchell Palmer roots out communists • Sacco and Vanzetti • Two anarchists were accused of a robbery and murder. • Many people believed that they were singled out because they were both radicals and immigrants. • After a trial that many believed was unfair, the jury found them guilty and sentenced them to death.

  9. DOMESTIC ISSUES WRITE THIS DOWN! • Americans became more isolationist during the Red Scare, they also became more nativist. • Nativism is a movement favoring native-born Americans over immigrants. • In 1921, Congress passed a law restricting immigration. • The law included a quota, or a numerical limit imposed on immigrants. • The National Origins Act was passed in 1924 • Reduced immigrant quota to 2% • Beliefs of Nativists • Patriotism – immigrants are not loyal to U.S. • Religion – many immigrants were Catholic, E. Orthodox, Jewish • Urban Conditions – slums/corruption blamed on immigrants • Jobs – fear of job loss • Red Scare – immigrants hold radical ideas

  10. HARDING

  11. Warren G. Harding, 1921-1923Background • Not a very sophisticated person or politician • Coined the term “normalcy” when referring to American society and life before the Great War. Warren Harding with Babe Ruth http://img.nytstore.com/IMAGES/NSAPAP13_LARGE.JPG

  12. THE HARDING PRESIDENCY WRITE THIS DOWN! • FOREIGN POLICY • Harding and many Americans wanted a policy of isolationism: • avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries • Harding called for international disarmament: • a program in which nations voluntarily give up their weapons. • He promoted the expansion of trade and acted to protect business at home.

  13. Warren G. Harding, 1921-1923Return Of The Scandals • Teapot Dome Scandal. • Involved Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall. • Actively accepted bribes for granting oil leases to private companies. Teapot Dome Scandal http://dase.laits.utexas.edu/media/american_politics_collection/viewitem/000117176_400.jpg

  14. TEAPOT DOME SCANDAL WRITE THIS DOWN! • In 1923, corruption scandals rocked Harding’s administration. • The worst was the Teapot Dome Scandal • Harding’s Secretary of the Interior secretly gave drilling rights on government land to two private oil companies in return for illegal payments. • There was no evidence that Harding was involved in the scandals.

  15. Warren G. Harding, 1921-1923Death Of Harding • Died suddenly in August 1923 while traveling through the West. • Suffered a heart attack. • Was traveling with the Surgeon General (another corrupt friend) who diagnosed the condition as food poisoning and told Harding all he needed was rest. • Less than an hour later, Harding was dead. Calvin Coolidge Sworn In As President http://eyeball-series.org/prezsec/pict465.jpg

  16. WARREN G • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-T0yNynoSlU&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PLFF98243AAE4051B1 • Calvin Coolidge assumed the presidency after Harding died. • “The chief business of the American people is business.”

  17. The Coolidge Presidency • Coolidge supported a laissez-faire approach to business. • The government stays out of business • His economic policies helped fuel the economic boom of the 1920s. • Coolidge wanted peace and stability without getting the United States too deeply involved in other nations. • Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg worked with the French foreign minister to create the Kellogg-Briand Pact. • Under this pact more than 60 nations agreed not to threaten each other with war. • Unfortunately, there were no provisions for enforcement, and many of the countries that had signed the pact would be at war with each other by 1941. WRITE THIS DOWN!

  18. A Republican Decade - Assessment How did the Red Scarecontribute to America’s policy of isolationism in the 1920s? (A) It made Americans more nativist. (B) It caused a significant American military increase. (C) It helped Americans form stronger relationships with non-Communist countries. (D) It decreased U.S. involvement in Latin America. What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact? (A) A treaty outlawing war (B) A treaty outlawing trade with Communist countries (C) A treaty supporting war against Communist countries (D) A treaty supporting international civil liberties

  19. A Republican Decade - Assessment How did the Red Scare contribute to America’s policy of isolationism in the 1920s? (A) It made Americans more nativist. (B) It caused a significant American military increase. (C) It helped Americans form stronger relationships with non-Communist countries. (D) It decreased U.S. involvement in Latin America. What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact? (A) A treaty outlawing war (B) A treaty outlawing trade with Communist countries (C) A treaty supporting war against Communist countries (D) A treaty supporting international civil liberties

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