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BIPOLAR DISORDER

BIPOLAR DISORDER. Amol Pai and Wai-Kam Leong. Bipolar. Disorder. What is Bipolar Disorder? “Manic-Depression”. A brain disorder affecting moods and energy that effects over 2 million in the U.S.A.*

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BIPOLAR DISORDER

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  1. BIPOLAR DISORDER Amol Pai and Wai-Kam Leong

  2. Bipolar Disorder

  3. What is Bipolar Disorder? “Manic-Depression” • A brain disorder affecting moods and energy that effects over 2 million in the U.S.A.* • Emotions, thoughts and moods are distorted resulting in mood swings that are overly “high” to extremely sad and hopeless • Defined as having one or more manic or mixed episodes and depression episodes lasting most of the day, every day for 2 weeks or more • A long-term illness that typically develops in adolescence or early adulthood but symptoms often seen in childhood • Often misdiagnosed as ADHD, OCD and depression and sometimes schizophrenia • Often leads to suicidal thoughts • Can be treated and lead full productive lives

  4. MANIC Feelings of grandiosity or very high self-esteem, euphoric Extreme talkativeness, racing thoughts Decreased need for sleep Highly distractible Engaged excessively with pleasurable activities, often recklessly DEPRESSION Ongoing sad, anxious or empty mood Lack of energy and ability to concentrate Sleeping too much or too little Lacks interest in others and activities, irritable, feeling hopeless and worthless Thoughts of death or suicide Signs and Symptoms • SIGNS IN YOUNGER CHILDREN • Poor sleep and night terrors • High activity level • Easily startled • Bedwetting • Oppositional behavior

  5. Range of Mood and Emotion severe mania mild to moderate mania (hypomania) normal-balanced mood mild to moderate depression severe depression

  6. Treatment • Just like long-term illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease, bipolar disorder is an illness that requires medication to improve quality of life • Not all medications work for every person • Severity of moods and side effects must be weighed • Medical management by a psychiatrist is best • A combination of medication and talk therapy is most effective, specifically cognitive behavior and family therapy • Long-term management of symptoms reduces risk of suicide ** suicide rate 10-15%, NIMH

  7. Medication “Mood-stabilizers” Medicine combinations Lithiumreduces manic episodes and aggression. Eskalith, Lithobid, Lithonate • Side effects: upset stomach, tremors, headache, weight gain, tiredness and difficulty with memory. Anticonvulsants/Antiepileptics reduce seizures, mania, aggression. Side effects include upset stomach and drowsiness. • Tegretol Carbamazepine: nausea, irritability and agitation • Depakene &, Depakote Valproic: hand tremors and loss of hair • Neurontin/Gabapentin, Lamictal/lamotrigine, Topamax/topiramate and Gabitriltiagabine are the newest medications. Side effects are similar with the addition of rash, nausea & dry mouth

  8. Family Issues and Interventions • Attend to behavior such as rage with therapeutic hold, quiet retreat area and pick your battles, behavior modification does not work well • Siblings relationships and marriages often become strained • Get family therapy • Don’t ignore signs of suicide ideation or extreme hopelessness • Educate family on disorder and how to deal with mood swings • Seek support groups and parent resources

  9. Resources WEBSITES National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) http://www.bipolarbrain.com/SoWhatsBipolarIllness.html http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/bipolarmenu.cfm http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/manic.cfm Excellent brochure and other pertinent information  National research of mental health , booklet. Articles Northern County Psychiatric Association (Maryland)  http://www.ncpamd.com/Bipolar.htm articles, links on disorder, meds, suicide, etc Pediatric Psychiatry Pamphlets http://www.klis.com/chandler/pamphlet/bipolar/bipolarpamphlet.htm definition, case studies, treatment, side effects Child and Adolescent Bipolar Foundation (CABF): Wilmette, IL Phone: (847) 256-8525 http://www.bpkids.org/ National Mental Health Associatopn (NMHA) http://www.nmha.org/infoctr/factsheets/76.cfm Pediatrician Guide to Health and Safety http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/ Illinois State Board of Education (ISBE) http://www.isbe.state.il.us/; Special education information, IEP BOOKS: The Bipolar Child by Demitri F. Papolos M.D. The Explosive Child byRoss W. Green Ph.D. MEDICAL TERMS AND MEDICATION INFORMATION Dictionary: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/AlphaIdx.asp?li=MNI&p=A_DICT RX Drugs: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/drug_Aa.html http://www.healthsqr.com/aindex.htm

  10. Thank You The End

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