Chapter 10, Section 3

1. A Global ExchangeExploration and trade spread ideas and goods. European exploration and trade spread new goods and ideas throughout the world. This had both positive and negative affects. Chapter 10, Section 3

2. Standards to know… WH7.11 – Students analyze political and economic change in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. • WH7.11.2 – Discuss the exchanges of plants, animals, technology, culture, and ideas among Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and the major economic and social effects on each continent.

3. Before we get started… • Create a chart like this, to show the positive and negative effects of the global exchange. The Global Exchange

4. The Columbian Exchange • Main idea: Exploration and trade led to a world-wide exchange of products, people, and ideas.

5. After the Age of Exploration, the economies of Europe, Africa, Asia, and America changed • Europe’s trade with the world created a global exchange, or Columbian Exchange, of people, goods, technology, ideas, diseases began • Named for Christopher Columbus who started it all • Corn/potatoes taken to Europe from N. America • Corn used to feed animals, leading to larger/healthier animals and more meat/leather/wool • Potatoes could feed 4x as many people as grain • Other American foods (squash, beans, tomatoes) went to Europe, greatly influencing the cuisine • Tomatoes in Italy (sauces) • Chocolate from C. America, led to first English chocolate shop in 1657 • Foods like chili peppers and peanuts also made their way to Asia/Africa where they became popular, as well as American tobacco plant

6. European/Asia grains (wheat, oats, barley, rye, rice), and tropical fruits (bananas) planted in America, and coffee was introduced (THANK GOODNESS! ) • Coffee and banana farms employed thousands of workers in Central/South America • New animals (pigs, sheep, cattle, chickens) brought to N. America from Europe • Cattle raised on plains of N. America and pampas of Argentina • Horses changed lives on Native Americans on Great Plains, providing faster was to move around, and assisting in hunting of buffalo • Exchange of food products dramatically increased world’s food supply, increasing world’s population

7. Which European countries are often associated with chocolate? • Describe the Columbian exchange.

8. Problems With the Exchange • Main idea: While the global exchange had a positive impact in many ways, it also created problems.

9. Not everything exchanged was positive… • The most negative exchange results were disease, harmful plants/animals, destruction • Europeans carried germs that could/did kill Native Americas, spreading outbreaks in America/Pacific islands that caused approximately 100 million deaths • New species of plants/animals hurt their new local environments • Asian carp escaped ponds, growing out of control and threatening other fish species • New European governments/societies overpowered or eliminated native cultures (Inca/Aztec), others were forcibly moved • Millions enslaved Africans moved to Americas/Caribbean for sugarcane plantations

10. Europeans negatively changed Asian society with guns/ships, defeating fleets and forcing local rulers to let them set up trading posts • East India Company – Indian empire • Dutch East India Company – Indonesian empire • Contact with Japan allowed shogun to defeat daimyo, and to spread religious/political/economic philosophies • Unity and cooperation created in areas under European control

11. THINK… • What happened as a result of the growth of sugarcane plantations in the Caribbean? • How did the global exchange create problems? • Name two foods that come from the Americas. Why were they important? • What sometimes happens when new plants and animals are introduced in an area? • How did foods imported from the Americas benefit Europe? Identify some of those food.