Materi Kuliah 3 SP 2005 PENJASTEL

1. Materi Kuliah 3 SP 2005 PENJASTEL

2. Pertemuan Kelima : • Pengenalan Services dari Teknologi Komunikasi Data Public dan Private • Studi Kasus Internet

3. Computer KOMUNIKASI DATA M M M M Four wire line Leased line M T T M PSTN M T T M M M M M Legend : M : Modem T : Terminal Two wire line Computer

4. Komunikasi Data • Data dan Jaringan multi Service lower Layers • a. Topologi Jaringan • b. Broadband dan Penggunaan Fiber optic • c. Area Networks (LAN, MAN, WAN, Frame relay • d. Broadband and Area Network • Data dan Jaringan multi Service Upper Layers • a. Potensi Trafik • b. Voice service • c. Video service • d. Messaging Service • e. Bulk Data transfer, data entry/access and video tex

6. Data dan Jaringan multi Service lower Layers • a. Topologi Jaringan STAR MESH BUSH RING

7. Computer Application LAN Fax WAN Coper Coax Fiber Cable Infrastructure Main Frame Router Telephone Switched Intelligent Hub File Server Bridge Communication room

9. Tiga Jenis Public Data Network yang kita kenal berdasarkan geografis adalah: • 1. LAN (Local Area Network) • Biasanya terbatas luasnya, misalnya bangunan atau ‘kampus’ • Kecepatannya berkisar antara  4 Mbps sampai >100 Mbps • Dimiliki dan dikelola sendiri • Dalam bisnis dewasa ini merupakan suatu keharusan • 2. MAN (Metrpolitan Area Network) • Hubungan antar lokal area network di suatu kota atau melalui suatu kampus. • MAN Bisa disebut juga sebagai extention dari LANs • Bersifat individual user • Umumnya digunakan untuk mengirim trafic pembicaraan dan data • Terdapat dua standard Yaitu FDDI II ( Fibre Distribution Data Interface) dan IEEE 802.6 ( Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, USA) • Kecepatan bisa 100 MBps dan 150 MBps.

10. 3. WAN (Wide Area Networks) • WAN dikenal sebagai hubungan antar Komputer /Terminal yang bersifat inertcity, intercounty dan intercontinental. • Atas dasar infra struktur komunikasi dapat dibagi dalalm Terrestrial Data Networks (TDNs) dan Satellite Based Data Networks (SBDNs) Wide Area Network Metroplitan Area Network Local Area Network

11. b. Broadband dan Penggunaan Fiber optic • Pertimbangan penggunaan Broadband • Penggunaan bisa sharing akan memberikan keuntungan • secara ekonomis.dan layanan yang fleksibel. • Kebutuhan kanal secara individu memudahkan penyaluran informasiyang diinginkan. • Dua jenis akses dan tiga area network yang dapat disajikan dalam komunikasi jenis ini : • Integrated Digital Access (IDA) • Optical fiber dalam LAN • Local Area Networks (LAN) • Metroplitan Area Networks (MAN) • Wide Area Netwroks (WAN)

13. Keuntungan fiber optic : • Meningkatkan reliability • Kappasitas Transmisi lebih besar. • Redaman sangat rendah dan bebas dari Crosstalk Saingan media transmisi bagi fiber optik antara lain yang paling dekat adalah coaxial cable dan yang paling serius dalam arti dapat dengan mudah dalam implementasi dan fleksibilitasnya adalah Wireless (Radio).

14. Application Application Application Protocol Presentation Presentation Presentation Protocol Session Session Session Protocol Transport Transport Transport Protocol Network Network Network Link Data Link Data Link Data Link Physical Physical Physical Link Model Referensi OSI

15. Data dan Jaringan multi Service Upper Layers • Katagori komunikasi upper layer : • Real time interactive communication • Postal service for the conveyance written doc. • Electronic means of conveying texk andgraphicalinformation, icludng : teletext, telex, e-mail,fax, EDI, information retrieval. • Data entry. • Non addressed broadcast service, paging , radio mobile etc.

16. Trafik dan Layanan Upper layer • Potensi Trafik • Telephone akan mendominasi • Disusul dengan video phone • Distribusi berbentuk printed material (cetak) seperti koran dll. • Voice service • High quality speech • Reduced bit rate • Telephony feature • Cordless Telephone and telepoint • Mobile radio • Billing Service. • Voice Messaging and audiotext.

17. Video service • Video conference and video telphony • Telesurveillance • Subcriber teleconferencing • Messaging Service • E-mail • Fax or faxcimile • Telex • Teletext • Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) • Trbasaction Processing • Paging

18. Bulk Data transfer, data entry/access and videotext • Bulk Data transfer : trasnfer file antar komputer • Remote data entry and remote data base access : • Pengambilan data remote untuk melakukan aktivitas khusus • Manufacturing design and design protocol : • komunikasi antara pabrik (plant) dan perencana (design) dimungkinkan akan lebih efective menggunakan cara ini. Network ini didesign dengan protocal tersendiri yaitu MAP (Manufacturing Automatic Protocal) • Videotext : • Yang memberikan layanan Videotext contohnya British Telecom walaupun ada juga provider lain yang menylenggarakan layanan ini. Data diretriev melalui jaringan PSTN dan didisplay pada terminal.pertumbuhan viedotext kurang bergairah dalam bisnis.

20. Information about Internet Business Strategies

21. Two Different Internet Business Strategies Strategies of Existing Carriers • Transition to Internet Service Providers based on the existing infrastructure • Install Internet POP at Central Office • Maximize the network management, traffic control, and billing capabilities • Seamless Integration of the existing infrastructure • Keep the existing Users, Reduce the risks for new services • Service differentiation using GuaranteeGoS/QoS, Reliability • Provide VPN services based on access control, traffic control, and security Strategies of New Carriers • Based on cost competitiveness strategies • Minimize the network construction cost • Deployment by Best Effort Network • No Service quality, no traffic control, minimum network management, flat billing

22. Impact of Internet on Traditional Public Network - Market Perspectives Internet is highly accepted as Information Platform by Users and Content Providers regardless of Reliability and Guaranteed QoS problems Telco is interest in leveraging tremendous Investments for Internet to enable a Seamless Migration to Network of Tomorrow Convergence by integrating Existing Network, IMT-2000, and Internet Build Seamless Converged Multimedia Services to network of tomorrow

23. Impact of Internet on Traditional Public Network - Network Perspectives Access Structure to the Internet • Internet Gateways – IPOP (Internet Point of Presence) Traffic Problems for packet transport using Existing Circuit - Switched Network • Congestion due to high volume POP traffic • High penetration ( > 15 %) of Internet users • Performance degradation for long holding time of 20 min. Strategies to overcome Traffic Problems • Using external xDSL devices to divert the Internet traffic • Controlling Internet traffic  reuse installed infrastructure to online • services

24. Impact of Internet on Traditional Public Network - Operator Perspectives Loss of Revenue due to Internet • Lost telephone calls for busy Internet users • Flat rate for Long holding time and long distance tariff • Reduced tariffs for access rate • Migration of PSTN/ISDN services into the Internet • e.g., Fax  Email, Voice Telephony  VoIP, Supplementary services  CTI Operator Strategies • Telco become Internet Service Providers acts as ISPs, install their own IP-based Intranet • Seamless Integration of Internet Infrastructure and services into the existing business including OAM • GuaranteeGoS/QoS, Reliability to differentiate for competition • Integration of Internet POP in a Central Office (Local Exchange)

25. Toward Converged Networks Voice/Data Convergence to facilitate the development of new types of applications • Integrated Email/Voicemail, screen pops, CTI, etc. New converged VoIP system will replace traditional PBX Problems of the PBX-based Convergence • PBX is a Part of Telecom for corporate administrative service, separated from user organization • Hard to innovative from business standpoint, keep the bill down • Not responsive to user requests for new services • Not open, additional features only by PBX vendor, all intelligence inside PBX • For CTI interface, the environment is complex and vendor-specific

26. Backgrounds of Converged Networks Backgrounds • Demand for long distance calls at low cost/low quality • Local Exchange Carriers provide long distance service without expensive backbone infrastructure investment • Reduce transmission network costs with voice compression • Usage of low-cost Internet resources • PC become a Multimedia Network Terminal Current Issues • VOIP subscribers is not restricted to Internet users, possible to reach Telephone Users everywhere • Interoperability of VoIP • Incomplete standards  solved by ITU, IETF, ETSI (TIPHON)

27. Advantages of Converged Networks Advantage for Telco ISP to provide VoIP • With existing switching facilities, Advanced VoIP service can be provided (e.g., simplified access authentication, charging methods) • Benefits concerning subscription, authentication, call set up (few digits, more speed), and charging (e.g. advice of charge) • Keep the users in their own network • New low-cost services for new customers

28. Convergence Challenges of Voice and IP - 1 High reliability/Availability • Five nine, 99.999 % Voice Quality • Manage delay and echo depending on G.711, G.729 Network QoS • Minimize dropped packets, reduce latency and jitter Desktop Telephone Power • AC adaptor, Battery backup Feature/Functionality • IP phone 100 features, PBX 400 ~ 500 features 911 Compliance • Difficulty for temporary address via DHCP • Solved by Directory System Integration

29. Convergence Challenges of Voice and IP - 2 Distance limitation • More than 100-meter using twisted pair Legacy voice investment • Existing phone set work with new IP-based phone system Management • Move, add, change, trouble shooting Security of voice over the LAN • Someone decode and listen in packet Channel (in)experience and credibility • Without education and experience, sell, install, and troubleshoot Compelling value proposition • Difficult to demonstrate value of new technology • Claims of lower maintenance, staffing, and equipment costs

30. Next of Internet Internet Business Demands • Mission-critical Business (or Business-class Internet) • Security, privacy, authentication, reliability • Predictable, uniform performance with guarantee • Best Effort Business • Entertainment, Shopping, Education, Informal, etc. Business-grade Internet Requirements • Virtual Private Networks • 50 ~ 80 % for all the Internet subscriber within few years • Flows • Unique method for connection-oriented real-time service • Classes of Service • Between best-effort and hard guarantee

31. Next Study : Wireless Internet Mobile IP Mobile Internet over GSM Mobile IP Aplikasi

32. Selamat Istirahat

33. NISDN (Narrow Band ISDN) • ISDN = Integrated Services Digital Network • Sentral Digital, Transmisi Digital, akses masih analog • NISDN: Digitalisasi akses menjadi 64 kbps

34. Bandwidth Bandwidth didefinisikan sebagai kemampuan kanal yang dapat melalukan data dengan kecepatan tertentu.Dalam sirkit dijital besarannya diukur dalam Bit Per Second (Bp/s) yang biasa disebut denga kecepatan transmisi. Untuk sistem analog diukur dengan Hertz (Cycle per second) Broadband services Broadband services didefinisikan sebagai “layanan telekomunikasi yang membutuhkan kanal transmisi lebih besar dari 2 Mbps (E1)” Atau: Jaringan digital yang dapat melayani apa saja: jasa data kecepatan tinggi, videophone, videoconference, transmisi grafis resolusi tinggi, CATV, termasuk juga jasa sebelumnya seperti telepon, data, telemetri dan faksimile Narrowband Services Narrowband services didefinisikan sebagai layanan telekomunikasi yangmembutuhkan kanal transmisi yang relatif senpit bandwidthnya atau lebih kecil dar 2 MB/s.

35. Bandwidth for different services Telephony Voice Braodcast Videoconference TV and HDTV Video Video Inter-LAN / PBX communication Data FAX CAD Graphic 100 KB/s 1 MB/s 10 MB/s 100 MB/s 10 KB/s

37. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) C P E Digital Switch 64 Kb/s NT 144 Kbit/s 2B + D ISDN IU Twisted Copper Pair Access Network ISDN TLP 64 Kb/s 2 Mb/s C P E Digital Switch 64 Kb/s NT 144 Kbit/s 2B + D ISDN IU Twisted Copper Pair Access Network ISDN TLP

38. ISDN digunakan karena pada switching digital umumnya terjadi pergerakan signal 64 Kb/s dari satu lintasan signal 2Mb/s ke lintasan lain, selain dari pada itu content yang terdapat pada 64 Kb/s dapat berupa speech, data atau video. Dengan sistem ISDN memungkinkan Customer melalui kabel tembaga mengirim berbagai signal pada jaringan switching telephone pada rate 64 Kb/s. Jadi dengan cara itu ISDN dapat memberikan pertukaran informasi dari Customer Premises yang satu kepada Customer Premises lainnya dengan sistem switching 64 Kb/s.

39. Terdapat 2 jenis access layanan ISDN • Basic Rate Interface (BRI) atau Basic Rate Access (BRA) dikenal dengan 2B+D • Sistem ini terdiri dari 2 bearer 64 Kb/s untuk transmisi informasi dan 1 kanal signaling 16 Kb/s, digunakan unutk hubungan yang sederhana. • 2. Primary Rate Interface (PRI) atau Primary Rate Access (PRA) dikenal dengan 30B+D yaitu terdiri dari 30 bearer channels pada rate 64 Kb/s dan 1 signalling cahnnel 16 Kb/s, umumnya digunakan untuk sistem yang lebih kompleks misalnya beberapa PABX dan hubungan komputer dengan kapasitas besar.

40. ( 2B + D ) LE NT Basic Rate Access NT ISDN TLP ( 30B + D ) Primary Rate Access 30B + D PABX ISDN TLP

41. Telecommunication Service Barrier Service TeleService Basic Barrier Service + Supplementary Services Basic TeleService Basic TeleService + Supplementary Services Basic Barrier Service

42. Basic ISDN Concepts BRA PRA FAX 2B+D 30B+D N-ISDN PBX NT Passive bus PSPDN PSTN TA

43. IN Reference model and Interface TE 1 ISDN TERMINAL S T U V NT2 NT1 LT ET R TA Basic Rate 192 KBps Primary Rate 2048 Kbps TE 2 NON-ISDN TERMINAL Non ISDN Standard

45. Three types ISDN standard bearer services : • 3.1 KHz audio, used in modemtrafficand in intercommunication with non-ISDN services. • 64 Kbpsunrestricted, providing a transparant 64 Kbps connection (no echo suppresor & bit manipulation). • Speech, 64 Kbps voice connection, tranparancy is not guarranted. • The examples of teleservice : • Telephony 3.1 KHz and Telephony 7 KHz • Telefax group2/3 and telefax group 4 • Video Text • Video telephony

50. Switcging and switch Control PSTN and ISDN are ussualy combinedto form dual in which theu usethe same resources. Since both digitised are 64 Kbps circuit switching, the two netwqork can share subscriber switches as well as group switch equipment. ISDN PSTN SS-7 Application local local STP Transit Transit Common Functions : processors, group switches,etc Platform Figure of Outline PSTN and ISDN exchange