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硅光子学中的光源问题

硅光子学中的光源问题. 冉广照 rangz@pku.edu.cn 北京大学物理学院 介 观物理国家重点实验室 2012.07. 04. Outline. Surface Plasmons Electrical Surface Plasmon Plasmon Laser. SPASER.

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硅光子学中的光源问题

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  1. 硅光子学中的光源问题 冉广照 rangz@pku.edu.cn 北京大学物理学院 介观物理国家重点实验室 2012.07. 04

  2. Outline • Surface Plasmons • Electrical Surface Plasmon • Plasmon Laser

  3. SPASER • 1. D. J. Bergman and M. I. Stockman, Surface Plasmon Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation: Quantum Generation of Coherent Surface Plasmonsin Nanosystems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 027402-1-4 (2003). • 2. M. I. Stockman, Spasers Explained, Nat. Phot. 2, 327-329 (2008) . • 3. M. I. Stockman, Spaser as Nanoscale Quantum Generator and Ultrafast Amplifier, Journal of Optics 12, 024004-1-13 (2010)

  4. What is SPASER • A spaser is a metal nanosystem that supports SP eigenmodes, surrounded by an active medium of the population-inverted two-level emitters. • A spaser is the nanoplasmonic counterpart of a laser 3. A SPASER is a nanoscopic quantum generator of coherent and intense local optical fields .

  5. SP modes Quality factor, Q. Dark mode

  6. Comparisons @ 630 nm wavelength

  7. Potential Applications of the Spaser and Nanolasers

  8. SPASER Principle A SPASER consists of: 1 2 3 The ultimately smallest quantum nano-generator nature photonics 2,327 (2008)

  9. Lasing condition

  10. Quantum theory of SPASER • The system Hamiltonian of SPP creation and annihilation operators Perturbation Interaction Hamiltonian Kinetic equation for the population number of SP in an n-th mode is Journal of Optics, 12, 024004-1-13 (2010).

  11. Lasing condition Dipole transition matrix element Spectrum width Nano metal particle size Calculated gain for three monolayers of quantum dots Normalized Optical gain

  12. GaNSPASER JSTQE. 14, ( 2008) 1395

  13. GaNSPASER SPP modal gains are calculated separately for both (a) symmetric and (b) asymmetric SPP modes as a function of hωwith a fixed carrier density,n= 1 × 1019 cm−3 . It is clear that Fermi–Dirac factor at finite temperature reduces the peak gain and gain bandwidth with increasing temperatures. Considering a silver film of thickness d = 30 nm, nSPand modal factors Φ as well as polarization factors μ are accounted in these calculations: nsSP= 7.0, naSP= 3.45, Φs= 0.19, Φa= 0.3, μs= 0.47, and μa= 0.33 JSTQE. 14, ( 2008) 1395

  14. Demonstration of a spaser-based nanolaser Normalized extinction (1), excitation (2), spontaneous emission (3), and stimulated emission (4) spectra of Au/silica/dye nanoparticles.

  15. Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelengthscale CGD NATURE 461,629(2009)

  16. SPP supporting structures (Waveguides) IM IMI MIM CGD (Conductor-Gap-Dielectric)

  17. Electrical SPP Amplification M-S

  18. Electrical SPP Amplification M-S Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 2459

  19. SPP field for IMI structure Local electric fields for 10 nm silver layer in vacuum at 2.2 eV frequency Ex Ex

  20. SPP Laser IMI NATURE PHOTONICS 4 , 382 JUNE 2010

  21. SPP Laser IMI

  22. SPP field for MIM structure J. SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, VOL. 16, 295 (2010), ” Phys. Rev. B 73, 035407 (2006) 解析解

  23. SPP Laser MIM 22 June 2009 / Vol. 17, No. 13 / OPTICS EXPRESS 11108

  24. SPP Laser MIM • 3 um x d~130nm ( ± 20nm), @180 μA at 78K. Inset: emission spectra for 20 (green), 40 (blue) and 60 (red) μA. • (b) Lasing mode light output @ 78K. • Actual near field pattern for 6 micron (d =130nm) device for below threshold 30 μA, and • above threshold 320 μA. • Poynting vector z. • 6 umX d~310nm at 298K, pulsed

  25. SPP Laser MIM 103 nm @10 K 200 uA nature photonics 1, 589 (2007)

  26. ???

  27. PHYSICAL REVIEW B 80, 153304 (2009)

  28. SPP Laser CGD  p sp （Note）

  29. Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelengthscale CGD NATURE 461,629(2009)

  30. Lasing NATURE 461,629(2009) Such idea originated a few years ago

  31. RT sub-diffraction-limitedplasmon laser by total internal reflection

  32. RT sub-diffraction-limitedplasmon laser by total internal reflection a, The spontaneous emission spectrum @1,960MWcm-2 showing obvious cavity modes despite being below the threshold. b, Room-temperature laser spectra and integrated light-pump response (inset) (1,960MWcm-2, black) through amplified spontaneous emission (2,300MWcm-2, red) to full laser oscillation (3,074MWcm-2, blue).

  33. Future integrated plasmonic circuit (0) incoupling structures; (1) color demultiplexing in a “Z” add/drop filter; (2) bends and tapers in LR-SPP waveguides; (3) all-optical preprocessing logic; (4) integrated photodetection; (5) optical clock incoupled from free space; (6) nano-optical subcircuit (on-chip integrated light source, electroopticplasmostor, single quantum dot devices, integrated photodetection); (7) collection of light via “photon sorting”;(8) integrated plasmonic color filtering; and (9) beam shaping of emitted light. JSTQE. 16( 2010) 295 SPP source

  34. Summary • Surface Plasmons • Electrical Surface Plasmon • Plasmon Laser Silicon- Plasmonics ?

  35. 谢谢！

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