Radiation Survey & Frisking

1. Radiological Safety and Response RPT-243-PE-3 Radiation Survey&Frisking

2. Learning OutcomesUpon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to (cont’d): • Perform a radiation survey and describe the performance of routine radiation surveys, including the frequency of surveys, instruments to be used, areas to be surveyed, survey techniques, and documentation of results. • Describe precautions and survey techniques for entering an area where radiation levels are unknown. • Demonstrate actions that should be taken if radiological conditions at the job site are significantly different from those shown on the RWP.

3. Learning Outcomes (cont’d)Upon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to (cont’d): • Explain actions to be taken if surveys show radiological conditions significantly different than expected, such as: • high contact dose rates, • high general area dose rates, • unexpected low dose rates, • high beta dose rates, • very high contamination levels, • very high airborne radioactivity, and • unexpected lack of airborne radioactivity.

4. Learning Outcomes (cont’d) Upon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Demonstrate proper techniques for performing a contamination frisk of personnel and material. • Describe the in-progress radiological surveys to be performed under various radiological conditions, including radiation surveys, contamination surveys, and airborne radioactivity surveys. • Demonstrate the proper method for wearing dosimetry under various conditions, including determining the proper location of dosimetry.

5. Learning Outcomes (cont’d) Upon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Read and re-zero self-reading dosimeters (pocket ion chambers, digital alarming dosimeter). • Discuss generic plant procedures for conducting pre-job briefings for radiological work, including: • when briefings are required, • the frequency of briefings for continuing jobs, • personnel required to attend briefings, • items to be discussed in briefings, and • the importance of resolving all questions in briefings.

6. Learning Outcomes (cont’d) Upon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Discuss proper job coverage and radiological protection measures for high-exposure jobs and potential high-exposure jobs, such as the following:• steam generator maintenance (PWR)• reactor coolant pump seal replacement (PWR)• reactor water cleanup pump maintenance (BWR)• recirculation pump seal replacement (BWR)• reactor internal pump maintenance (ABWR) (content added)

7. Learning Outcomes (cont’d) Upon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: • Discuss proper job coverage and radiological protection measures for high-exposure jobs and potential high-exposure jobs, such as the following: • control rod drive maintenance (BWR and ABWR) (content added)• diving operations• spent resin transfer operations• spent fuel movements• in-core detector maintenance• work in or around the spent fuel pool

8. Learning Outcomes (cont’d)Upon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to (cont’d): • Demonstrate the proper technique for performing a contamination frisk of personnel and material. • Demonstrate the proper use of the 3 part communication model including the use of the phonetic alphabet and numeric communication. • Demonstrate the proper use of the STAR acrostic to exercise self-checking.

9. Outline • Explanation • Mini-Lecture with Pre-Job Briefing • Section 1 – Radiation Survey • Section 2 – Frisking Personnel and Materials • Report Back with Mini-Lecture on Major Radiological Job Coverage

10. Explanation • The same team assignments made in PE-1 will continue into this PE. • The teams will be sub-divided into two person sub-teams. • This PE has two sections. • The first section involves the teams performing a set of radiations surveys in the RCA . • The second section will involves the teams demonstrating the proper frisking of personnel and material.

11. Explanation • The teams will be held accountable for the use of proper three-part communication and human performance tools during the PE. • The exercise will start with a mini-lecture on pre-job briefings and will include a pre-job briefing for the scenario. • At the conclusion of the practical portion, a mini-lecture will be given on major radiological job coverage.

12. Pre-Job Briefings

13. Pre-Job Briefings • Pre-job briefings (PJB) are not unique to nuclear facilities. • Military • Medical • Industrial maintenance • At some level, a PJB should be done prior to starting any task. • Plant procedures dictate the specific requirements and when a pre-job briefing is required. • Typically a formal PJB is required when there is a reasonable chance of personnel injury or damage to plant equipment.

14. Pre-Job Briefings • What should be discussed in a PJB? • Industrial safety concerns and steps to mitigate • Work procedure steps including critical steps • Radiological control requirements and critical points for radiological controls. • Means for commuincation • The point of contact (POC) for each involved group • The lead person for the task • The stop work order

15. Scenario PJB • Your team has been assigned the task of performing a Source-Term Profile Survey inside the RCA. • There are no industrial safety issues known to exist at this time. • There are ten standard Source-Term Profile Survey Points. • The team will be split into two person sub-teams to facilitate completion of the task. Each member of the sub-team will survey at least two of the survey points. All points must be surveyed. • At each of the points, three dose rate measurements are measured and recorded.

16. Scenario PJB • The three dose rate measurements are taken: • on contact, • at 12 inches from the contact reading, and • at waist level at the general location. • The value of the readings to be recorded is found on a card in an envelope contained in a pouch at the point. • After recording the data, return the card to the envelope and then deposit it in the “used” pouch. • The area containing the survey points may be inside of a Radiation Area, High Radiation Area, or Contaminated Area.

17. Scenario PJB • The team members are to adhere to all RWP requirements and posting. • The team members are to perform the task in a manner in which dose is equalized between the team members. • The teams are to adhere to the instructions given in the Student Guide. • Questions

18. Section 1Radiation Survey

19. Instructions • Timed • Follow the Student Guide as a procedure.

20. Section 2Frisking

21. Scenario Set-Up • Having finished the task of performing the Source-Term Profile Survey you are exiting the RCA. • Survey the paperwork , instruments, and yourself with a frisker observing the standard frisking technique.

22. Instructions • The section is timed. • Follow the Student Guide as your procedure. • Upon completion, report as directed by the Instructor to complete the mini-lecture.

23. Major Radiological Job Coverage

24. Major RP Coverage • There are several jobs which, by their nature, have a high potential for excessive radiation dose in a short period of time, loss of control of radioactive material, or spread of contamination. • steam generator maintenance (PWR) • reactor coolant pump seal replacement (PWR) • reactor water cleanup pump maintenance (BWR) • recirculation pump seal replacement (BWR) • reactor internal pump maintenance (ABWR)

25. Major RP Coverage • control rod drive maintenance (BWR and ABWR) • diving operations • spent resin transfer operations • spent fuel movements • in-core detector maintenance • work in or around the spent fuel pool • Each of these is unique because of the nature of the component or system involved. • In some cases the worker is actually inside of the source (steam generator, diving operations) • In some, lethal doses could be received (spent fuel)

26. Major RP Coverage • One thing they have in common that we will address here is that each of these all require continuous RPT coverage. • That means that an qualified RP Technician (typically a senior RPT) equipped with a radiation survey meter must have visual and auditory contact with the workers at all times. • Because it is critical to maintain doses to the RPTs ALARA, the continuous coverage requirements are often satisifed through the use of video, radio communications, and telemetric radiation devices piped into a central location.

27. Major RP Coverage • The technican will often times perform a local radiation survey and ensure that the telemetric devices are in agreement prior to and perodically during the activity. • It is the responsibility of the RPT to control the workers activities to the exent that their dose is maintained ALARA, that the radioactive material is controlled properly, and loose surface and airborne contamination is controlled.

28. Major RP Coverage • If the workers’ actions will result in an unsafe condition to exist, the RPT has the responsibility and authority to stop the work activity. • In the event that is done, personnel will be directed to leave the area and the apporpriate supervison will be notified.

29. What Are Your Questions ?