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The Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire. Created by Amy Perez. Remember Rome?. Corrupt Government. High taxes, inflation, unemployment, disease. Deteriorating after 1,000 years Invasions led to a new capitol. Military Decline. Invasions by barbarian tribes. Constantinople. Mediterranean Sea.

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The Byzantine Empire

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  1. The Byzantine Empire Created by Amy Perez

  2. Remember Rome? Corrupt Government High taxes, inflation, unemployment, disease • Deteriorating after 1,000 years • Invasions led to a new capitol Military Decline Invasions by barbarian tribes Constantinople Mediterranean Sea

  3. Empire Divides After Constantine East West

  4. Western Empire falls in 476 A.D. The Dark Ages begin (The Middle Ages) War Feudalism Disease Ignorance

  5. Western Empire falls in 476 A.D. The Dark Ages begin (The Middle Ages) But in the East… War Feudalism Disease Ignorance

  6. Eastern Empire becomes And lasts for 1,000 years Center of Learning Trade Philosophy Medicine Architecture Law Code

  7. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Military Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Capital: Constantinople • Surrounded by water on 3 sides • Thick walls surrounded city • Center of trade • Traders came on land and water from various regions of the world (Europe, Africa, and Asia)

  8. Constantinople in A.D. 550 MAP SKILLS What might prevent or slow an invasion into Constantinople from the west? What are the benefits of conquering Constantinople?

  9. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Large Army Merchants and common people were taxed to provide for an army Cultures Byzantium blended Roman, Greek, Middle Eastern, and Christian cultures. Why the Byzantine Empire Survived Constantinople’sLocation Favorable location for trade and defense; between Europe and Asia; brought great wealth. Strong Government Strong laws helped emperors rule with absolute power. They controlled the State and the Church.

  10. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Why did it Decline?

  11. BREAK!Preventing Death by Lecture • Everybody run in place • Keep running, and find a partner • Older student is partner 1 • Younger student is partner 2 • Partner 1: List 4 reasons why the Byzantine Empire survived • Partner 2: List 3 reasons why the Byzantine Empire declined • When you have listed your reasons, stop running in place and return to your desk

  12. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Emperor Justinian • Educated, wise, strong ruler • Extended rights to women • Buy and own land, financial freedoms • Improved the capital by building: • Walls, bridges, parks, public baths, a palace, courts, schools, hospitals, churches, and markets

  13. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Restoring the Empire • Justinian’s army regained control of Italy and restored the Roman Empire once again

  14. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Code of Justinian • Justinian organized Roman laws into a single code which served for 900 years • New laws added: • RELIGION: Required all persons to belong to the Eastern Orthodox Church Code Consisted of 4 Works The Code Contained 5000 Roman laws The Digest 50 volumes of legal opinion The Institutes Textbook for law students The Novellae New laws passed after 534 A.D.

  15. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Hagia Sophia • Beautiful churches showed connection between Church and State • Hagia Sophia (“Holy Wisdom”) was rebuilt after riots and became the emperor’s crowning glory • Rich mosaics of saints and Jesus glittered in candle light Interior Dome of Hagia Sophia

  16. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Christianity Divides Preview: What might cause a church to divide against itself?

  17. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Differences Between Eastern and Western Christianity

  18. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism The Patriarch • The leading bishop in the east • Bowed to the emperor • Emperor ruled over patriarch

  19. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism What is an Icon? • Religious images used in worship and ceremony to aid devotion • Orthodox churches decorated with icons

  20. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Large Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism The Schism • In 1054, the Pope and the Patriarch excommunicated each other Christianity was permanently divided between the Roman Catholic Church in the West and the Orthodox Church in the East

  21. Roman Catholic Pope Benedict Eastern Orthodox Patriarch Bartholomew • MODERN CONNECTIONS: • Today, the heads of both Christian Churches show goodwill towards one another though there is no movement to reunite the churches. • What do these two men seem to be doing? • In what ways are they alike? • What differences separate them?

  22. Byzantium • Reasons for Survival • Location • Culture • Government • Military Army • Reasons for Decline • EmperorJustinian • Restoring the Empire • Code of Laws • Hagia Sophia • ANewChristianity • Eastern vs. Western • Patriarch • Icons • The Schism Influence on Russia • Russia was greatly influenced by Byzantium • Orthodox Christianity • Cyrillic alphabet • Crafts and products • In the 9th century, Russia emerged as a state centered around the city of Kiev

  23. The Byzantine Empire Created by Amy Perez

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