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SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO Technology Overview

SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO Technology Overview. ELITEX 2008 New Delhi 18 th Jan 08. Simon Zachariah Centre for Development of Advanced Computing TRIVANDRUM.

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SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO Technology Overview

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  1. SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO Technology Overview ELITEX 2008 New Delhi 18th Jan 08 Simon Zachariah Centre for Development of Advanced Computing TRIVANDRUM

  2. Radio that provides software control of a variety of modulation techniques, wideband or narrowband operation, communication security functions and waveform requirements of current and evolving standards over a broad frequency range. ‘The radio waveform personality can be reconfigured through software’ ‘Multi-band,Multi-standard,Multi-service,Multi-channel’ SDR - DEFINITION

  3. SDR EXPLAINED Software Defined Radio Hardware Radio

  4. DUAL MODE RADIO Software GSM Chipset CDMA chipset Hardware Micro controller

  5. RE-CONFIGURABLE RADIO Processing Engine FPGA DSP Software FPGA RF to Digital Hardware Micro controller

  6. SDR KEY BENEFITS • A single Hardware for Multi-standard, multiband and multifunctional Wireless Systems • Software Upgrade for add on functionalities • Customization of a single generic hardware for diverse needs • Higher levels of software reusability • Lower costs to meet new user demands • Lower time to market new terminals

  7. Complete Base band processing digital – Reconfigurable Software upgrading of commercial radios – Future proof Generic hardware can be used for a variety of applications – Inventory Software prototyping faster and cheaper than hardware prototyping – Time to market Libraries of software radio components are easily created and shared – Reuse Digital processing of signals is ideal, unencumbered by the non-linearities that plague analog hardware-Reliability SDR ADVANTAGES

  8. ADC : the single most demanding performance DAC : similar to ADC requirements DDC / DUC : (Digital down/up converters) programmable embedded DSP functionalities with NCO for RSP/TSP with frequency hopping capability FPGAs: Embedded DSP functionalities DSP : meet computational requirements of base band processing Host Processor : OE, Protocol stacks, MMI, system controls Operating System S/W and F/W Broadband RF Front End Smart Antennas Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA) in Base Stations SDR ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES Why SDR took so long to happen? These enabling technologies had to mature

  9. Civil wireless Military PMR SDR USER SEGMENTS Diverse Waveforms and Form Factors, Emerging standards, User wish-lists often from LF to microwave! And AM, FM …. GSM …. CDMA … Bluetooth … and (sigh!) ends up today with WiMax. Success lies in judicious user-segmentation and application Power consumption is still a problem

  10. The US DoD -Speak Easy Projects JTRS Waveforms and Form Factors The Software Communication Architecture H/W interoperability – S/W portability – Custom waveforms SDR MILITARY DRIVE

  11. All processes between the signal source and antenna Also referred to as Air Interface FM, Havequick, Link16, TETRA….. All have specific waveforms WAVEFORM DEFINITION

  12. IEEE “Aradio that is aware of its environment and internal state and alter its behaviour based on the information and predefined objective” CR is designed to intelligently detect whether a particular segment of the radio spectrum is currently in use, and to jump into (and out of, as necessary) the temporarily-unused spectrum very rapidly, without interfering with the transmissions of other authorized users. CR can run on a hardware radio or SDR COGNITIVE RADIO

  13. Digital Signal Processing replaces several analog hardware stages of traditional radios Analog front-end still required: Digital-analog conversion, DAC/ADC RF, IF Filtering Mixing IF  RF Amplification Antennas SDR HARDWARE……..

  14. If the Radio Space has only a few signals in LF/HF No ADC exists with the bandwidth and resolution required (sampling speed & no: of bits) to cope with the dynamic range With today’s technology, how close to the antenna the ADC/DAC can be placed? SOFTWARE RADIO

  15. OE, PROTOCOLS, MMI GPP Wideband DAC RF Power amplifier RF upconverter I Q Digital UpConverter IF Information input DSP / FPGA Antenna switching system Wideband ADC RF low-noise amplifier Digital DownConverter RF downconverter I Q IF Information output SDR-HARDWARE ARCHITECHTURE Multiband Antenna

  16. Capable of ensuring the important SDR features An open architecture Allows third party waveform/component development Standardised procedure for Loading and Control of software modules Should be one relying on proven technologies – shorter development time SCA from JTRS meets these criteria, natural choice SDR-SOFTWARE ARCHITECHTURE

  17. The Software Communications Architecture (SCA) is a US DoD (Department of Defense)defined framework standard that specifies rules on how to develop, deploy, and configure Software Defined Radio (SDR). The main goal of the SCA is to reduce cost and increase interoperability in SDRs. SCA is being adopted worldwide as a standard for military radios. It is expected that future global programmable radios in other fields, such as public safety, will adopt the SCA. SOFTWARE COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE-SCA

  18. SCA specifies an architecture for component portability, inter-changeability, and software reuse, and architecture scalability of communication platforms WHAT SCA CAN DO!

  19. SCA ARCITECTURE

  20. SCA-RADIO COMPOSITION Application Factory Manage collection of resources to create waveform Device manager Keep track of HW in the system File System Manager Store working environment, bit images, properties, etc. Application Manage waveform operation Resources Devices Capabilities e.g., Start and stop, test, describe Boot up and maintain HW Domain Manager Port Keep track of what’s there (installed) Connections between resources

  21. Build SDR development capability in the country Develop a proto type to demonstrate basic features of SDR Emphasis is to demonstrate SDR features with limitedFeatures of the selected waveforms Separate projects under taken for digital radio development Standards Compliance is not intended Bring synergy among various Govt. agencies in the country who are involved in SDR activities Joint development with SAMEER Close interaction with WESEE, DEAL & CAIR Close interaction with user community (Army & Navy) DIT - SDR PROJECT WITH CDAC

  22. NEED FOR INDIGENOUS SDR TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT • High IPR content • Need for indigenous base on strategic reasons • The technology of tomorrow’s Wireless • Military and Commercial interest • Success of 3G and beyond depends heavily on SDR

  23. CDAC IN RETROSPECT CDAC IS AN SDR FORUM MEMBER CDAC TETRA PRODUCTS Portable BS-4U 1U=44.43mm

  24. SDR Study Report 2004 Study Report Review 2005 DIT Initiatives on SDR Mission Project 2005 Joint Proposal by CDAC & SAMEER 2006 Proposal review and approval by WG Jan 2007 Administrative approval received April 2007 CDAC SDR PROJECT - GENESIS

  25. COTS Development Platform Own H/W Platform Two Reconfigurable Waveforms One PMR – TETRA One Military Legacy Radio – Stars V SCA Compliant More Waveforms to follow CDAC SDR PROJECT SCOPE

  26. SDR ‘DREAM’ “Dream is not what you see in sleep.It is the thing which does not let you sleep.” Dr. A P J Kalam Today CDAC have an ‘SDR Dream’ and plans to fulfill it through a well defined SDR technology development roadmap

  27. Questions? CDAC-simon@cdactvm.in DIT- bmbaveja@mit.gov.in

  28. SDR-IMPORTANT REFERENCES 1. Software Defined Radio:Origins,Drivers and International Perspectives By Tuttlebee 2. Software Defined Radio:Enabling Technologies By Tuttlebee 3. Software Defined Radio- Selected Readings By Mitola and Zvonar 4. Software Defined Radio for 3G By Paul Burns 4. SDR study Report By C-DAC (www.mit.gov.in) 5. SDR Forum web site www.sdrforum.org PRESENATION REFENCE: INFORMATION FROM SDR FORUM

  29. Thank You

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