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Understanding Enzymes: Categories, Functions, and Naming Conventions

This lesson focuses on the classification of enzymes into two main categories: those that break molecules apart (like hydrolases and proteases) and those that join molecules together (such as kinases and polymerases). Students will create a table detailing various enzymes, their functions, and their specific roles in biochemical reactions. The lesson also covers additional enzyme types, including oxidoreductases and isomerases, emphasizing the importance of naming enzymes based on their functions and substrates. Students will engage with course materials and take notes to enhance their understanding.

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Understanding Enzymes: Categories, Functions, and Naming Conventions

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  1. Section 3Lesson 1– Catalysis

  2. Enzymes On your desks list all the enzymes you have come across so far. We can divide enzymes up into 2 broad categories – enzymes that break things apart and enzymes that join things together.

  3. Enzymes that Break things Apart These include hydrolases, phosphatases, proteases, nucleases, and ATPases. Use the information in your monograph to make a table showing each enzyme and the function of that enzyme.

  4. Enzymes that join things together These include kinases, synthetasesand polymerases. Other types of Enzymes The 2 other types of enzymes you need to know about include: oxidoreductases and isomerases. Add these to your table (with functions)

  5. Naming Enzymes Most enzymes are named based on their function and their substrate. Examples: Glucose oxidase (catalyses the oxidation of glucose to hydrogen peroxide and D-gluconoδ lactone) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (catalyses the 6th step in glycolysis) Citrate synthase (catalyses the condensation reaction of the acetate residue from acetyl CoA and acetylacetate to form citrate) Phosphofructokinase (a kinase that phosphorylates fructose) Ribulosebis-phosphate carboxylase (catalyses the very first step in carbon fixation)

  6. How do Enzymes Work?

  7. Your Task- Today Read pages 49-57 and take notes. Don’t forget to add new terms to your glossary. 2. Complete Scholar activities on cytoskeleton and cell membranes. Past paper questions: 4.

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