Drainage Basins

1. All of you will create a 3D model of a drainage basin Most of you will know the key terms linked to drainage basins Most of you will be able to describe, using an example, the effect of adapting a drainage basin Drainage Basins http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/watersheds-and-drainage-basins/3238.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfEi8CoPVgc&safe=active

2. What is a drainage basin?

3. You will need • Your book • A template • A stick of glue • Scissors • Pencil crayons- blue and brown • A pen

4. step 1 Cut out the template. Make sure you cut up the vertical line.

5. step 2 Using a brown crayon, shade around the circumference of the circle.

6. Using a blue crayon, shade the left triangle, draw some blue lines running from the top of the triangle and branching out towards the edge of the circle. step 3

7. Watershed the area of high land forming the edge of a river basin. step 4 1 2 You will now need a pen. Number the following features on your template. Source where a river begins. Mouth where a river meets the sea. 3 Confluence the point at which two rivers meet. 4 Tributary a small river or stream that joins a larger river. 5 Channel this is where the river flows. 6 7 Drainage Basin this is the area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.

8. Glue the remaining blank triangle. step 5

9. Stick the glued triangle under the shaded triangle, so it fits neatly. step 6

10. Open your book to a double page. Glue the triangle and the bottom sides of the diagram. Stick this firmly across the cease of the book. The tip of the triangle should correspond to the cease. step 7

11. It should look like this! step 8

12. 1 Watershed the area of high land forming the edge of a river basin. step 9 Source where a river begins. 2 Give your diagram the title ‘River Basin’. Write the numbers and corresponding definitions into your book. 3 Mouth where a river meets the sea. 4 Confluence the point at which two rivers meet. 5 Tributary a small river or stream that joins a larger river. 6 Channel this is where the river flows. 7 Drainage Basin this is the area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.

13. Close your book! step 10

14. Open your book! step 10

15. Thames River Basin 12,935 square kilometres (4,994 square miles). 13 million people live in the basin, 7 million of which live in London. http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/watersheds-and-drainage-basins/3238.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfEi8CoPVgc&safe=active

16. Drainage basin • What is the difference between a drainage basin and a water shed? • How can people change a drainage basin? (Some of these might be similar to the changes you found for the river system)

17. The Colorado River

18. The Colorado River, South West USA LO: To describe how humans have adapted the drainage basins of one of the world’s major rivers Outcomes All will be able to locate the Colorado River and name its famous feature Most will be to describe at least two adaptations that have been made to the Colorado River’s drainage basin Some will be able to suggest problems that the management of the Colorado River has caused

19. 1. Why is the Colorado River so famous?

20. The Colorado River’s Drainage Basin • Where is the drainage basin of the Colorado River? (which area of the USA, which states etc.) • Which state is the source of the Colorado River in? • How high (m asl) is the source of the river? • What happens to the height of the river as it travels to the sea? • Where is the mouth of the Colorado River? • How many people depend on the water from the Colorado?

21. Managing the Colorado River’s Drainage Basin Anti flooding http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIPV-H9iCPA&safe=active Population Growth Agriculture Tourism

22. How have they managed the Colorado River? 8. The Colorado River drainage basin (the area the river collects water from) has a seasonal rainfall pattern. What does seasonal rainfall mean? 9. What have the government built to store and transport water from the Colorado? Has the management of the Colorado River been a success? Why? Explain your answer giving at least 3 points.

23. River Processes LO: To describe the jobs that rivers do All should be able to name the processes that rivers carry out Most will be able to describe the different types of erosion and transportation Some will be able to explain why rivers carry out different jobs at different stages

24. What is a drainage basin? Tributary A river which joins a larger river. Mouth Where the river flows into the sea, or sometimes a lake. Catchment The area from which water drains into a particular drainage basin. Watershed The boundary dividing one drainage basin from another- a ridge of high land. Source The upland area where the river begins. Confluence The point at which two rivers join.

25. Processes = things that happen • There are 4 processes that take place in and around rivers • Weathering • Erosion • Transportation • Deposition

26. Weathering Weathering = breaking up of rocks by weather, chemical processes, plants and animals Biological – rocks are broken up by expanding plant roots Chemical – acid rain damage Physical – freeze thaw. This takes place in areas where the temperature varies from above to below freezing. The stress fractures and breaks up rocks.

27. Erosion = The wearing away and removal of rocks by the action of water, wind or ice • There are 4 types of erosion and you need to know them all • Abrasion (or corrasion) 2. Corrosion (or solution) • 3. Hydraulic Action 4. Attrition http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LplQZUzbVWI

28. Transportation = the movement of sediment along the river’s course • There are 4 types of transportation • Suspension 2. Solution • 3. Saltation 4. Traction

29. The River Long Profile The river profile describes how a river changes on its journey from source to mouth.