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Understanding Key Communication Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP in Networking

This presentation provides an overview of fundamental communication protocols essential for networking: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Internet Protocol (IP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), and File Transfer Protocol (FTP). It discusses the roles of these protocols in data transmission, including packet management, addressing, and request-response mechanisms. By exploring their advantages, disadvantages, and security concerns, especially in relation to Electronic Health Records (EHR), this resource is invaluable for anyone looking to understand the basics of network communication in a modern context.

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Understanding Key Communication Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP in Networking

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  1. ITGS Presentation 2013 Conversations, Security Keys, and BYOD

  2. Dull & Boring Stuff Communication Protocols

  3. TCP • Transmission Control Protocol • Transport layer protocol • Breaks transmission into pieces (packets) • Supports resending of packets • Only supports one-to-one communication http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-tcpip-networking-protocol-suite.html

  4. IP • Internet Protocol • Network layer protocol • Delivers packets • Uses logical addresses instead of MAC addresses • IP address is comprised of two parts • Network part • Host part • Allows for communication to another network http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-tcpip-networking-protocol-suite.html

  5. TCP/IP, URL, DNS blah blah blah • URL • Uniform Resource Location • More English-Like than TCP/IP address • Domain Name Server (DNS) • Translates URL to TCP/IP address • Lets you type www.hectic-dad.com and get to a real website http://computer.howstuffworks.com/dns1.htm

  6. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture • Envelope Example http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2011/11/tcp-ip-fundamentals/ http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc786128(v=ws.10).aspx

  7. TCP/IP Addressing • Internet Protocol addressing • IPv4 • Address every device on the planet (hahahaha) • 232 addresses (4,294,967,296) • 4 octets (192.168.1.1) • IPv6 • 2128 addresses (way more) • 16 octets (192.168.1.1.1.0.0.0.2.0.0.3.0.0.0.0) • Address like phone number, same evolution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address

  8. Growth of Addressing • 2345 • MO-2345 • MO2-2345 • 620-662-2345 • 1-620-662-2345 • 0011-1-620-662-2345

  9. HTTP • Hypertext Transport Protocol • Request-Response protocol (ask & ye shall receive) • Not limited to world wide web (www) communication • Can be used for other purposes • Runs on top of TCP network • Utilizes structured text • It’s a conversation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol

  10. HTTP Example • Example: You type www.janie-patterson.com • User request to go to the URL • GET / HTTP/1.1 • Accept: text/*, image/jpeg, image/png, image/*, */* • Accept-Language: en, en_US • Host: www.janie-patterson.com • HTTP/1.1 200 OK • Date: Thu, 24 Jan 2002 17:33:52 GMT • Server: Apache/1.3.14 • Last-Modified: Mon, 21 Jan 2002 22:08:33 GMT • Accept-Ranges: bytes • Content-Length: 9696 • Connection: close • Content-Type: text/html note: URL = Universal Resource Locator. Translated to a TCP/IP address 66.39.89.30 http://www.silicon-press.com/briefs/brief.http/brief.pdf

  11. FTP • File Transfer Protocol • Used to transfer entire files • Request-Response protocol (ask & ye shall receive) • Client-server architecture • Runs on top of TCP-based connection • Separate control and data connections • It’s two conversations at once http://www.webmonkey.com/2010/02/ftp_for_beginners/

  12. FTP Example • User request to transfer a file • Status:Connecting to ftp.fakesite.org ... • Status:Connected with ftp.fakesite.org. • Response:220 ProFTPD 1.2.4 Server (ProFTPD) [109.41.xx.xxx] • Command:USER mcalore • Response:331 Password required for mcalore. • Command:PASS ********** • Response:230 User mcalore logged in. • Status:Connected • Status:Retrieving directory listing... • Command:PWD • Response:257 "/users/mcalore" is current directory. • Command:LIST • Response:150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for file list. • Response:226 Transfer complete. • Status:Directory listing successful

  13. Slightly More Interesting Stuff EHR Security, Using EHRs, BYOD, VPN, Intranets, and TANSTAAFL

  14. Electronic Health Records An alphabet soup and a can of worms

  15. Electronic Health Records • Lots of names • CPR • EMR • EHR • PHR • Two varieties • Specialty • Patient or Longitudinal • Beware of data silos

  16. EHR Advantages • Information accessibility • Information transportability • Improved Clinical Outcomes • Quality • Reduced Medical errors • Reduced Costs • Individual • Societal • Data mining

  17. EHR Disadvantages • Upfront acquisition costs • Training costs • Ongoing maintenance costs • Disruptions in workflows • Losses in productivity • Transfer of data entry tasks to providers • Inaccuracy • Physician liability risks

  18. EHR (DIS)Advantages • Information accessibility • Information transportability • Improved Clinical Outcomes • Quality • Reduced Medical errors • Reduced Costs • Individual • Societal • Data mining

  19. EHR Complications & Concerns • Complications • Interoperability • Transferability • Data siloage • Lexicon / Terminology • Concerns • Security • Privacy • Patient Targeting http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3270933/

  20. EHR Security • Authentication • One step • Two step • Underlying computer security • Underlying network security • No holes allowed

  21. EHR Access Practicum • Computer/network steps • EHR login • Patient selection • Patient view • By encounter • By diagnosis • By treatment

  22. BYOD It’s really easy until you have to actually support it

  23. BYOD • Policy-based • Allow employees to bring personally owned mobile devices to work and use those devices to access privileged company information and applications http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BYOD

  24. BYOD Advantages • Save company money • Appease workers • Users select their own devices • High device familiarity • Increased mobility • Higher job satisfaction • Improvements in efficiency and productivity http://www.businesszone.co.uk/blogs/scott-drayton/optimus-sourcing/advantages-and-disadvantages-byod http://www.mcpc.com/benefits-of-BYOD

  25. BYOD Disadvantages • Heterogenous devices • Lack of control over data • Security • Privacy • Device control / Acceptable use • Cost-sharing Complications • Support nightmares http://searchconsumerization.techtarget.com/guides/How-to-weigh-BYOD-benefits-and-risks http://searchconsumerization.techtarget.com/tip/BYOD-pros-and-cons-Spend-less-on-devices-more-on-support

  26. Virtual Private Networks Playing hide-and-seek on the world wide web

  27. Virtual Private Networks • Method of connecting distant computers • Goes through a public network • Extends a private network across public network • Shares functionality • Security is main goal http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network

  28. Intranets Playing in your own sandbox

  29. Intranets • Collection of local network items • Utilize standard network items • Hardware • Software • Ethernet, Wi-Fi, TCP/IP • Web browsers • Web servers • Local network using internet technologies http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/intranets/g/bldef_intranet.htm http://medicalexecutivepost.com/2009/06/26/healthcare-intranets-and-extranets/

  30. Intranets & Extranets • Lightning can be VPN • Really *should be* http://www.skullbox.net/intranet.php

  31. TAANSTAFL Any guesses?

  32. TANSTAAFL • There Ain’t No Such Thing As A Free Lunch • Costs associated with technologies • TCP/IP - overhead • HTTP - overhead, interpretation time • FTP - overhead • EHR Security - hassle, inaccuracy, not perfect • BYOD - support, heterogenous nature, security • VPN - support, complexity • Intranet - support, complexity, overhead

  33. Project Simulation Kill me now...this is too hard

  34. Implementation Scenario • The Seven Questions • Who • What • When • Why • Where • How • What aren’t you telling me?

  35. Single Provider’s Office • The Seven Questions • Who - Dr. Hanna Schreiber • What - Wired network • When - Yesterday (it’s always yesterday) • Why - To allow the practice to function • Where - New Building • How - Computer network • What aren’t you telling me? - I dunno

  36. Single Provider’s Office • Wired workstations • Limited connectivity http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network_diagram

  37. Multiple Providers • The Seven Questions • Who - Dr. Hanna Schreiber & Dr. Maddie Page • What - Wired + Wireless network • When - Yesterday (it’s always yesterday) • Why - To allow the practice to function • What aren’t you telling me? - I dunno

  38. Drs. Schreiber & Page http://www.conceptdraw.com/samples/resource/images/solutions/network-diagram/Network-Diagram.png

  39. Dr. Colton “I can do better” Harper • The Seven Questions • Who - Dr. Colton “I can do better” Harper • What - Wired + Wireless network • Why - Because I can provider better medical care • Where - Right next door in the same building • What aren’t you telling me? - I want to crush them

  40. Dr. Colton “I can do better” Harper • Two networks - one wireless airspace http://www.conceptdraw.com/samples/resource/images/solutions/network-diagram/Network-Diagram.png

  41. Dr. Josh “Rule the world” Patterson • The Seven Questions • What - Wired + Wireless + Patient Access • Who - Dr. Josh “Rule the world” Patterson • Why - To provide one-stop medical care • Where - The entire floor above the other practices • What aren’t you telling me? - Mwahahaha

  42. Even more complex

  43. Inter-office Network Issues • Bandwidth • Wireless cross-over • Privacy • Security

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