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Mapping our World

Mapping our World. Chap. 2. Latitude and Longitude 2.1 Types of Maps 2.2 Remote Sensing 2.3. Latitude and Longitude – 2.1. Objectives. Compare & contrast latitude & longitude Describe how time zones vary. Cartography. Science of mapmaking. Locating objects on a sphere.

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Mapping our World

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  1. Mapping our World Chap. 2 Latitude and Longitude 2.1 Types of Maps 2.2 Remote Sensing 2.3

  2. Latitude and Longitude – 2.1 Objectives • Compare & contrast latitude & longitude • Describe how time zones vary

  3. Cartography Science of mapmaking

  4. Locating objects on a sphere

  5. Locating objects on a sphere • Latitude (Lat = fLat) These lines are horizontal and tell how far North or South an object is

  6. Locating objects on a sphere • Latitude • Equator drawn at center

  7. Locating objects on a sphere • Latitude • Equator drawn at center • Lines are parallel

  8. Locating objects on a sphere • Latitude • Equator drawn at center • Lines are parallel • 90º N is at the north pole

  9. http://www.lakelandsd.com

  10. Locating objects on a sphere • Latitude • Equator drawn at center • Lines are parallel • 90º N is at the north pole

  11. Practice Problem 1 The Earth’s circumference is about 40 000 km. There are 360º in a circle. What is the distance between degrees? 40 000 km

  12. Locating objects on a sphere • Latitude • Equator drawn at center • Lines are parallel • 90º N is at the north pole • Each latitude line is 111km

  13. Locating objects on a sphere • Latitude • Equator drawn at center • Lines are parallel • 90º N is at the north pole • Each latitude line is 111km • Degrees are divided into minutes and seconds. 1 º = 60’ 1’ = 60”

  14. Locating objects on a sphere • Longitude These are ‘long’. They go up and down and tell how far East or West an object is

  15. Locating objects on a sphere • Longitude • Travel through the poles

  16. Locating objects on a sphere • Longitude • Travel through the poles • They are NOT parallel

  17. Locating objects on a sphere • Longitude • Travel through the poles • They are NOT parallel • The prime meridian is 0º longitude and goes through Greenwich, England

  18. Locating objects on a sphere • Longitude • Travel through the poles • They are NOT parallel • The prime meridian is 0º longitude and goes through Greenwich, England • On the opposite side of the globe the prime meridian is the International date line.

  19. Practice Problem 2 What is the distance between longitude degrees?

  20. Time Zones

  21. Time Zones • The Earth is divided into 24 zones

  22. Practice Problem 3 How many degrees for each time zone? (Remember there is a total of 360º)

  23. Time Zones • The Earth is divided into 24 zones • The dividing lines may be slightly adjusted

  24. Time Zones • The Earth is divided into 24 zones • The dividing lines may be slightly adjusted • The International Date line marks a division between

  25. Time Zones • The Earth is divided into 24 zones • The dividing lines may be slightly adjusted • The International Date line marks a division between • When you cross this traveling West you add a calendar day

  26. Time Zones • The Earth is divided into 24 zones • The dividing lines may be slightly adjusted • The International Date line marks a division between • When you cross this traveling West you add a calendar day • When you cross this East you move the calendar back a day

  27. The End

  28. Types of Maps – 2.2 Objectives • Compare and contrast different map projections • Analyze topographic maps • Describe map characteristics, such as map scales and legends

  29. Types of Maps • Mercator Projections

  30. Types of Maps • Mercator Projections • Map with parallel lines of latitude and longitude • It distorts shapes

  31. Mercator Projection

  32. Types of Maps • Mercator Projections • Conic Projections

  33. Types of Maps • Mercator Projections • Conic Projections • Made by projecting points and lines onto a cone • Some object not distorted

  34. Conic Projection

  35. Types of Maps • Mercator Projections • Conic Projections • Gnomonic Projections • Made by projecting points and lines to paper that touches globe at single point

  36. Types of Maps • Mercator Projections • Conic Projections • Gnomonic Projections • Made by projecting points and lines to paper that touches globe at single point • Useful for navigation

  37. Gnomonic Projection

  38. Types of Maps • Topographic Maps

  39. Types of Maps • Topographic Maps • Contour lines 900 Drawn through places at the same elevation

  40. Types of Maps • Topographic Maps • Contour lines • Index contours 900 Labeled contour lines.

  41. Types of Maps • Topographic Maps • Contour lines • Index contours • Depression contour lines have hachures

  42. Other features • Map Legends Gives names of map features

  43. Other features • Map Legends • Map Scales Tells ratio of map distances to real distances

  44. Practice Problem 4 What is the distance from Buffalo to Albany?

  45. The End

  46. Remote Sensing – 2.3 Objectives • Compare & contrast the different forms of radiation in the EM spectrum • Describe how satellites and sonar are used to map Earth’s surface • Describe the Global Positioning System

  47. On-site observations You go to the location you want to map

  48. On-site observations • Remote sensing

  49. On-site observations • Remote sensing • Satellites are often used

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