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W ater quality management in the Steelpoort river basin

W ater quality management in the Steelpoort river basin. F. Ardorino Workshop CEEPA-CIRAD 1-4 October 2002. General context. NWA : sustainable development fufilment of basic human needs fulfilment of environmental requirements.

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W ater quality management in the Steelpoort river basin

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  1. Water quality management in the Steelpoort river basin F. Ardorino Workshop CEEPA-CIRAD 1-4 October 2002

  2. General context • NWA : • sustainable development • fufilment of basic human needs • fulfilment of environmental requirements The water required to meet the basic human needs and the needs of the environment shall be identified as the “Reserve” and shall enjoy priority of use by right. The use of water for all other purposes shall be subject to authorization. Responsibility for water management shall be delegated to a catchment or regional level in such a manner as to enable interested parties to participate (Principles of New Water Act, DWAF, 1997)

  3. Objectives of the study How is water quality managed ? - currently - future needs linked to Reserve implementation What are the different points of views ?

  4. Method Bibliographic study : - Legal texts, Implementation policies - Technical reports like : Olifants River basin study report (DWAF, 1991) Prefeasibility Study on Bulk Water supply in Steelpoort River area (DWAF, 1999) Proposal of the establishment of CMA for Olifants Water management area (DWAF, 2000) Interviews : - DWAF, research institutes, WRC, RAU - Farmers : commercial, small scale farmers - Villagers - Kruger National park - Consultants - Municipalities … Mapping

  5. Afforestation Trout fishing Commercial non irrigated – agriculture Commercial irrigated – agriculture Mine and quarries High densely populated area Main water users

  6. Afforestation Trout fishing Commercial non irrigated – agriculture Commercial irrigated – agriculture Mine and quarries High densely populated area Future developments

  7. Preliminary results Tensions about water resource : - upstream / downstream users - lack of drinkable water in former homelands - development of mining sector : need for water authorizations Tensions about land resource : - increase of population in settlements - land claims - mining companies looking for land around Steelpoort Ecological requirements : water resource is defined as an ecosystem which includes physical and structural habitats, water, aquatic biota, processes linking habitats, water and biota. In-stream Flow Requirements Water quality objectives

  8. Preliminary results : Water pollution • Data seem to be disparate: • Physico-chemical data • Global ecological indicators • Specific research about heavy metals • Lack of integrated data analysis • Need for more information

  9. Pollution problems appearing in technical reports TDS, Silt Sodium Chloride

  10. Pollution problems according to interviews Steelpoort Burgersfort Vantech TDS, Silt Nutrients : Ammonium Nitrates Phosphate Fecal Choliforms Roossenekal Quarries Lydenburg sewage plant Sulfate Wapadkloef Metals Accidental pollutions from mines Belfast quarries Acidic conditions (coal mines)

  11. Discussion How will In-stream Flow Requirements be ensured ? What will be the relevant water quality indicators ? (applicable, characteristic of the ecosystem protection level) Reserve effective implementation ? What kind of negotiation places ? with producer forums : risks to see lobbies take the lead ?

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