Key Moments in the Civil Rights Movement

2. Civil Rights Movement

3. Brown v. Board of Education • Supreme Court decision: segregated schools are unequal & must desegregate • Include Virginia case • Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince WilliamCounty, VA et al. • Argued by Spotswood W. Robinson III along with Marshall on re-argument • Defended by J. Lindsay Almond Jr. AG of VA and T. Justin Moore

4. Key People • Thurgood Marshall – NAACP Legal Defense Team • Oliver Hill – NAACP Legal Defense Team in Virginia

5. Virginia Response • Massive Resistance—closing some schools • Establishment of private academies • White flight from urban school systems

6. Emmett Till • 1954 – Chicago boy, went to visit relative in Money, Mississippi • After saying something to a white store clerk, he was kidnapped and brutally killed • Open casket funeral led to massive attention towards Civil Rights

7. Emmett Till

8. Emmett Till

9. The Montgomery Bus Boycott (1956) • Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat to a white man • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. calls for a boycott of the bus system • African Americans boycott the buses for 381 days

10. Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1956

11. Little Rock Nine (1957) • Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas was integrating • Students were often spit on, humiliated, treated harshly • President Eisenhower sent national guard to protect students throughout year

13. Sit-ins Challenge Segregation (1960s) • Four college students in Greensboro, North Carolina challenge segregation in restaurants • They ‘sit-in’ a white-only restaurant and face discrimination, harassment, arrest • Sit-ins begin to take place throughout south

15. The Freedom Rides (1960-62) • Designed to test whether or not southern states would obey new anti-segregation laws • Riders are greeted with violence • Three freedom riders are murdered in Alabama; KKK (1961)

16. Freedom Rides, Map

17. Freedom Rides

18. 1963 March on Washington • Participants were inspired by the “I have a dream” speech given by Martin Luther King, Jr. • Helped influence public opinion to support civil rights legislation • Demonstrated the power of non-violent, mass protest

19. March on Washington

20. Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, & gender • Desegregated public accommodations • President Lyndon Johnson played an important role in passing the act

21. 16th Street Church bombing • 1964; four little girls die in bombing • Some of the criminals not convicted until 2000s • Birmingham was a city that experienced great violence during movement

22. Civil Rights Act of 1964

23. Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Outlawed literacy tests • Federal registrars were sent to the South to register voters • Results in an increase of African American voters • President Lyndon Johnson played important role in passing the act

24. Voting Rights Act of 1965

25. Voting Rights Act

26. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • Organization challenged segregation in the courts

27. Road to Civil Rights Poster • Create a poster with at least 5 people from the Civil Rights movement, and descriptions for each person • Also include at least 5 events from the movement, and descriptions. • Finally, add 5 pictures depicting the Civil Rights movement.