iRespond Question

1. Which phase best describes one of Nelson Mandela’s most important contribution to South Africa? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F FF5B047E-47C7-CD43-8421-3CC1766E9DDA A.) Serving as South Africa’s first ambassador to the U.N. B.) Leading the process by which black South Africans gained civil rights. C.) Negotiating with Great Britain for South African independence D.) E.)

2. What role did Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk play in the evolution of apartheid in South Africa? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F 2711DAEB-4BD9-3B4A-A707-6586175FE5C0 A.) They worked to abolish apartheid. B.) They created apartheid. C.) They worked to maintain apartheid. D.) E.)

3. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F D20BEEB2-E553-FD4F-8FF8-F244C5897476 In 1946, British colonial authorities merged southern and northern Sudan into a single administrative region. The inhabitants of southern Sudan primarily practice Christianity and Traditional African religions. Northern Sudan is inhabited by Arab Muslims. Merging the citizens in the previously separate regions led to the first Sudanese civil war and subsequent political and ethnical strife. Based on the passage, what contributed to civil war in Sudan? A.) Artificial political borders B.) African Nationalist movement D.) C.) Pan-African Movement E.)

4. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F European countries colonized Africa during the 19th and early 20th century in order to access Africa’s natural resources. What was the effect on the people of Africa? AFE74B12-B0A2-AF4E-8F00-F869BB82AF8A A.) European colonization of Africa made Africans very wealthy. B.) There were so few natural resources that the effect was small. D.) C.) Boundaries between countries were artificial which caused conflict and war E.)

5. The purpose of the Pan-African Movements in Africa is to iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Create one African language B.) Developed a unified political identity C.) Develop a unified region D.) E.)

6. What of the following is an effect of colonial rule in Africa? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F D8F5FD1E-21BF-2943-9189-B8542AA37511 A.) Conflicts among African ethnic groups B.) Economic growth within African countries C.) A decrease in European exploration in Africa D.) E.)

7. Name this country. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Niger B.) Nigeria C.) Sudan D.) E.)

8. Civil war may be caused by all of the following EXCEPT iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) economic differences B.) historical conflicts C.) racism D.) peace treaties E.)

9. Why has a strong sense of national unity been difficult to achieve in many African nations that gained independence in the 20th century? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Tribal loyalty is sometimes stronger than national loyalty. B.) Europeans fear that national unity would make African countries too strong. D.) C.) Communism is a powerful force against national unity. E.)

10. Name this country. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Egypt B.) Sudan C.) South Africa D.) E.)

11. What effect did the policy of apartheid have on Africa? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) It deprived black Africans of basic human rights. B.) It encouraged black South Africans to participate in the government. D.) C.) It made South Africa the richest country in Africa. E.)

12. The literacy rate for women in Sudan is low because they have limited access to formal education. What effect might have on the lives of people in Sudan? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Women in Sudan don’t need formal education because they stay at home. B.) Only men in Sudan need a formal education because they work outside the home. D.) C.) The standard of living is lower in Sudan than other countries. E.)

13. What is the purpose of currency in a country’s economy? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) To make more profit from the price of goods B.) To increase the wealth of the upper class C.) To make trading easier between people and nations D.) E.)

14. Why do most economies in the world today operate somewhere between a market economy and a command economy? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Most consumers prefer government control to a free market system. B.) Most economies have found they need a mix of free market and some government control to be successful and protect consumers. C.) Government control of some aspects of the economy have never been successful in the modern world. D.) E.)

15. How could a high tariff on imported grain help the people in the country charging the tariff? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Local grain would always be of a higher quality than grain from other countries. B.) The grain process would be lower if tariffs were in place. C.) Local farmers would be able to sell their grain since it would be cheaper than imported grain. D.) E.)

16. Why is specialization so valuable in international trade today? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Specialization allows people to do a more efficient job at producing what they make best and trade for things they want. B.) Specialization always keeps the prices low on goods that are imported into a country. D.) C.) Most countries can only make one product very well. E.)

17. What is the relationship between education and training in a country and the country’s gross domestic product (GDP)? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Countries with a high level of education and training have a higher gross domestic product. B.) There is no relationship between education and training and gross domestic product. C.) Gross domestic product only deals with the amount of investment in factories and machines. D.) E.)

18. In Nigeria’s government, power is divided between Central and regional authorities. This is an example of which government type? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) unitary B.) confederation C.) federal D.) E.)

19. Who is F.W. de Klerk? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) leader of African National Congress B.) last president during apartheid C.) The leader who banned (outlawed) anti-apartheid organization D.) E.)

20. In 1994, Nelson Mandela became the president of South Africa iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) by inheriting the position B.) through an open election C.) by appointment of F.W. de Klerk D.) E.)

21. What role does government stability have on the fight against AIDS in Africa? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) AIDS is a minor problem in Africa that is under control. B.) Government stability plays no role in the fight against AIDS. D.) C.) Stable governments are able to fight the spread of AIDS. E.)

22. Although both Nigeria and South Africa have an abundance of natural resources, a great number of people live in poverty. Why is this true? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Both countries are ruled by white minorities that prevent all people from making a good income. B.) There are no educated people in either of these countries to raise the standard of living. D.) C.) Political leaders have failed to use natural resources to benefit all citizens. E.)

23. Why does the word “republic” appear in the names of both the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Sudan when the ruler of Sudan is a dictator? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Regardless of their rulers, governments are free to name themselves whatever they wish. B.) The citizens of Sudan elected their ruler to his position as dictator. D.) C.) There is very little difference between a republic form of government and a dictatorship. E.)

24. Kenya is a republic and Sudan is a dictatorship. How does the method of voting for leaders differ in these countries? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) In Sudan, citizens do not elect a leader. B.) In Kenya, a few citizens elect a president. C.) In Sudan, all citizens elect a president. D.) E.)

25. Name this country. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) South Africa B.) Nigeria C.) Kenya D.) E.)

26. Name this country. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Democratic Republic of the Congo B.) Kenya C.) Ethiopia D.) E.)

27. In sub-Saharan Africa, less than 50% of the population has access to safe drinking water from environmental pollution. How has the shortage of safe drinking water affected sub-Saharan African development? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Decreased economic growth B.) Increased population growth D.) C.) Decreased size of the rainforest E.)

28. In the Sahel, overgrazing and drought have resulted in a decrease in the grassland region. What is this process called? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Deforestation B.) Desertification C.) Environmental pollution D.) E.)

29. Explain why the population is low in the Sahara. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Limited access to water B.) Limited access to oil C.) Too much water D.) E.)

30. Shara is Arab. Why can’t it be assumed that Shara is Muslim? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) No Muslims are Arab. B.) All Arabs are Christian. C.) All Arabs are not Muslim. D.) E.)

31. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F Which country has the highest literacy rate? A.) South Africa D.) B.) Sudan E.) C.) Kenya

32. iRespond Question Multiple Choice F Which country demonstrates GDP will not always be high just because the literacy rate is high? A.) South Africa B.) Kenya C.) Burkina Faso D.) E.)

33. A federal system of government divides the power between the iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) president and congress. B.) central government and foreign governments. C.) monarch and the parliament. D.) central government and regional authorities. E.)

34. Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa and the major source of water for which river? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Niger River B.) Congo River C.) Zambezi River D.) Nile River E.)

35. Which concept relates to religion rather than ethnicity? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Kemal is a nomadic herder. B.) Kimba is Ashanti. C.) Mustafa follows the Koran. D.) E.)

36. The lack of clean, abundant water in many countries south of the Sahara has what economic effect? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) The economies are based on technologies. B.) The majority of people have left these countries. D.) C.) Trade and industry have not developed adequately. E.)

37. Which phrase best describes the savanna? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Semi-arid region south of the Sahara B.) Grasslands making up half the continent C.) An area of fertile plain along the Mediterranean Coast D.) E.)

38. In the Sahel region of Africa, desertification is causing the desert to spread. As plants die, the soil blows away leaving the ground unfit for agriculture. What is a major result of desertification? iRespond Question Multiple Choice F A.) Tourists come to region to enjoy the warm climate B.) A lack of adequate food production for the people D.) C.) The development of new clean technologies to provide jobs E.)