12/12/13 “Gandhi’s activism” What is the definition of activism ?

1. 12/12/13 • “Gandhi’s activism” • What is the definition of activism? • actions that are meant to bring about change • What types of activism did Gandhi put into practice? • On desk:“Unjust laws & Activism” wksht.

2. 1. List as many unjust laws the British implemented in India during colonialism as you can.

4. 12/12/13 World History Agenda Review “Gandhi’s tactics of nonviolence” (discussion/notes) What are the methodsof nonviolent resistance? (class notes) Nonviolent resistance posters HW: None! 

5. Who emerged as the leader of the Indian independence movement? • Mohandas K. Gandhi • The “Mahatma” • means “Great Soul” • His teachings: • Were a mixture of all the • major world religions. • What two methods did he & the Congress Party endorse? • Civil disobedience & nonviolence.

6. What are at least 4 ways that Gandhi refused to participate in the British systems? • Refused to buy British goods. • Refused to attend British schools. • Refused to pay British taxes. • Boycotted British cloth & spun his own. • Boycotted British salt & made his own. • Encouraged Indians to go on strike.

7. 5. Summarize Gandhi’s boycott of British cloth and the effect it had on the British. • Indians had to buy British cloth. • Gandhi refused to buy British cloth • and wove his own instead. • Urged Indians to do the same. • British profits dropped dramatically.

8. Summarize why Gandhi staged the Salt March. • Salt Acts said Indians had to buy salt from the British govt. • And pay sales tax on it! • Gandhi and followers marched 240 miles to the coast to make their own salt!

9. How did the movement “gain worldwide support” after events at the salt works? • Indians intend to shut the salt works down. • British soldiers attack them. • Indians use no violence & refuse to defend themselves, but keep marching. • **News of the story wins worldwide support for Gandhi & Indians’ movement.**

10. What are the main methods of nonviolent resistance? • Class notes • Create posters for each method.

11. Civil disobedience: • the deliberate and public refusal to obey an unjust law • Example: • To defy the Salt Acts, which said that Indians could only buy British salt, Gandhi led the Salt March • Indians marched to the sea and made their own salt

12. Noncooperation: • refusing to participate in unjust systems • Example: • Gandhi encouraged noncooperation in any British-run system • Not attending British-run schools • Not paying British taxes • Not voting in British elections • Not buying British clothing

13. Boycott: • refusing to buy or use something until demands are met • Example: • Gandhi boycottedBritish-made cloth. • He wore only home-spun cloth.

14. Strike: • refusing to work until certain demands are met • Example: • Thousands of Indians went on strike in major cities. • Trains stopped running and factories were dormant.

15. Protests & demonstrations: • actions expressing disapproval of something • Can include marches, speeches, rallies, signs, chants, etc. • The more people that are included, the more powerful the protest becomes • Example: • In response to the Rowlatt Acts, Indians held a protest & demonstration at Amritsar

16. Tahrir Square (Egypt) protests, 2011

17. Nonviolent Resistance Posters • Choose the method of nonviolent resistance that you like the best or think would be the most effective. • Create a poster that represents your method of nonviolence. • Include: • Definition. • Visually represent definition (draw or find pictures) • Examples from Indian independence movement. • Optional: other examples (current or historical).