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Crowd Behaviour. Crowds . Crowds are types of Aggregates They are always temporary They always have some sort of common interest, focus of attention or objective. 3 Types of Crowds. Casual Crowds Individuals in the crowd mind their own business
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Crowds • Crowds are types of Aggregates • They are always temporary • They always have some sort of common interest, focus of attention or objective
3 Types of Crowds • Casual Crowds • Individuals in the crowd mind their own business • Individuals maintain their own privacy and isolation • Does not affect individuals’ behaviour profoundly
3 Types of Crowds • Expressive: • Shows emotion in various ways • Has a leader or a focus of attention that influences the crowd • Can be incited to change into the third type of crowd.
3 Types of Crowds • Active • Involves physical activity and a specific goal • Tend to have a lot of influence on the values and behaviours of individuals. • Individuals are more open to being swayed • Can become an aggressive mob or a riot
Concerning Effects of Crowds • Conformity • Key researcher Solomon Asch • Interested in situations where a person would act against their own instincts and insights to conform to a group.
Concerning Effects of Crowds • Diffusion of Responsibility • Phenomenon where a person is less likely to take responsibility for a situation with others present because they assume that someone else will take action. Comes into effect with 3 or more people, and increases with more people. • Bystander Apathy • Also called the ‘Bystander Effect.’ • A Phenomenon where individuals do not offer to help a victim with others present. The chances of apathy increase with the size of the group.
Kitty Genovese • Murder in New York City in 1964 that prompted sociologists and social psychologists to study and define the ‘bystander effect.’ • Kitty was attacked when coming home from work in NYC at 3:15 in the morning. The attacker stabbed her, left, came back and stabbed her again and raped her. • About 12 neighbours heard the attack happening but no one called the police until 2 hours after the first stabbing. Kitty died on the way to the hospital.