Information Technology for Business

1. Information Technology for Business An Introduction to Information Systems in Organizations

2. Key Resources in a Business • P • I • T (a set of used to work with information) All three working together can help a company achieve a competitive advantage Information systems are the way that businesses operate • New ways to perform old tasks(new way of doing things) • Do things that were never done before. • Businesses are forced to rethink how they do business.

3. A of business are affected by Information Technology. You are preparing to be a Knowledge Worker.Knowledge Workers work with and

4. INFORMATION AS A NEW BUSINESS RESOURCE Information is a key business resource, but what is information? DATA - is any that describe a particular phenomenon. - is simply data that has a particular meaning within a specific context. Information is data that has been

7. Information ????? For information to be truly valuable, it must appear in the

8. INFORMATION IS A KEY RESOURCE • Information is good to have, but that is not what businesses want. They want……….. • B (BI) – knowledge about customers, competitors, suppliers, business partners, the competitive environment you are operating in, and your own internal operations, etc.. • Combined forms of information to create real knowledge • Encompasses • Helps you make • BI involves gathering enough of the right information in a timely manner and usable form and analyzing it to have a positive impact on business strategy, tactics or operations.

9. Dimensions of Information • Time: having access to • Location: having access to your information (but it still must be ). • Form: it has to be in a form that you can use and it must also be • Granularity: info becomes more as it moves the organization, and more

10. PEOPLE AS A KEY RESOURCE • The single most important resource in any organization is its . Your greatest asset is your brain/mind (your ability ). • Information technology (IT) is simply a • Technology Literate Knowledge workers know technology. • Information Literate Knowledge workers ………. • D what information is needed. • Know • Understand information • Act appropriately based on information. • When working with information, you can never forget your

11. Computer-Based Information Systems • Hardware: computer • Software: that run the computer. • Databases: organized and info • Telecommunications: of communications signals. • P involvedwith the system. • Procedures for usingthe system.

12. Business Information Systems • Electronic Commerce Systems • E between parties • T Systems (TPS) • Systems that handle day-to-day business-related exchanges • Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP) • An consisting of integrated applications with a common database which coordinates business activities and (Examples include PeopleSoft, Microsoft Business Solutions Great Plains Dynamics) • D Systems (DBMS) • Database: Most common information repository in use today • Decision Making Tools/Systems • D (DSS) : An interactive decision-making tool that provides support for non-routine decisions or problems where • A (AI): A decision-making tool where all of the decision-making expertise is because the system can simulate human thinking and/or behavior.

13. IT ( ) in Support of Business • Businesses use IT to give themselves a : customers value their product or service more than the competition’s product or service. • IT helps aid • doing things right, in the least amount of time • with the & optimizing the use of resources. • Transaction processing systems, customer self-service systems, databases and database management systems • IT supports • Helps you a situation and • Decision support systems and artificial intelligence

14. IT in Support of Business • IT can be used to support • C Management systems use info. about customers to gain insights about them in order to better meet their needs. • S Management systems automate the tracking of inventory & information among business processes & across companies. • Sales Force Automation systems • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, such as SAP, Oracle, PeopleSoft, Microsoft Business Solutions/Great Plains • K Systems to capture, organize, and disseminate knowledge (organizational memory and expertise) throughout an organization. • IT can be used for : using technology to evolve and transform itself into new modes of operation, market segments, and so on.

15. IT in Support of Business • IT can be used to • Reach new customer segments, offer new products and services, offer complimentary products • IT can be used to • Optimize manufacturing processes, decrease transportation costs, reduce the costs of human capital, minimize errors, do things more efficiently. • Telecommunications enables • Databases and database management system software can be used to • IT systems can be used to support decision making by and sometimes

16. Pervasive Computing (aka Ubiquitous Computing) • P computing – computing and technology support anytime, anywhere, with access to any needed information • D computing • S information • M computing

17. Pervasive Computing • Decentralized computing – Distributes to knowledge workers by placing the processing power on their desktops and within the functional areas. • Shared information – allows anyone access to needed information because the information resides in a • Mobile computing – your ability to use technology to to and use centrally located information and/or application software.

18. The slides that follow this slide provide more detailed information regarding topics found in this presentation and/or chapter. They will not be covered in class, but reviewing these slides would be beneficial because they help provide a deeper understanding of the topics covered in this presentation.

19. Electronic Commerce Systems • Electronically executing business transactions between parties • Businessto Consumer • BusinesstoBusiness

20. Transaction Processing Systems • Process business exchanges • Maintain records about the exchanges • Handle routine, yet critical, tasks • Perform simple calculations

21. ERP Enterprise Resource Planning Systems • An ERP system is a set of integrated programs that is capable of managing the operations of a business spread across multiple sites. All business functions built intoone integrated softwarepackage. • Integrated manufacturing, accounting/financial, marketing and human resources system. • SAP, Oracle, PeopleSoft, Microsoft Business Solutions/GreatPlains Dynamics

22. Artificial Intelligence (AI) • A decision-making tool where all of the decision-making expertise is programmed into the system because the system can simulate human thinking and/or behavior. The system makes the decision for you. • The primary types of artificial intelligence we will see in this class include: • Expert Systems • Neural Networks • Genetic algorithms • Intelligent Agents (many kinds of these) • Robotics

23. Decision Support Systems (DSS) • Interactive support for non-routine decisions or problems where there may be several answers that work. • Must directly interact with the system to build and/or select the most appropriate model to solve the problem. • You use the tool and make the ultimate decision, as opposed to artificial intelligence where the system makes the decision and tells you what to do.